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27th Air Division
US Air Force unit From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The 27th Air Division was a United States Air Force numbered air division and the geographic Air Defense Command region controlled by the 27th AD. Its last assignment was with Air Defense Command (ADC)'s Tenth Air Force, at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona. It was inactivated on 19 November 1969.
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Norton AFB
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Activated as the 27 Air Division (Defense) on 7 September 1950, the unit was assigned to ADC for most of its existence,[note 1] the division's initial air defense area was southern California and later southern Nevada (and a small portion of Arizona by 1953).[1]
The 4705th Defense Wing was a temporary unit that absorbed the 1st Fighter-Interceptor Wing's personnel and equipment five days after it was organized in early 1952 at Norton Air Force Base.[2] These units included, for example, the 94th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at George Air Force Base).[3] The wing was discontinued and the 94th FIS reassigned directly to 27th Air Division, which had reorganized at Norton in February,[1] one month later.[4]
In May 1958, the 27th AD directed a hostile intercept of a "declared unknown" aircraft (without proper IFF), but the "interceptor pilot remembered...that opening bomb bay doors was to be considered a hostile act only after declaration of an Air Defense Emergency or Warning Yellow or Red" (the SAC B-47 was on a Radar Bomb Scoring bomb run near the Los Angeles Bomb Plot.)[5] The 27th AD was designated 1 of 23 NORAD divisions effective 10 June 1958 by NORAD General Order 6.[5]: 7
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Rocky Mountain Division
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The "27th Air Division (Rocky Mountain)" was to transfer to the midwest with command of 2 NORAD sectors (Reno and Denver Air Defense Sectors) during deployment of SAGE. In addition to a hardened Air Defense Direction Center at Stead Air Force Base for the Reno sector; NORAD's 25 July 1958 SAGE Geographic Reorganization Plan identified the Super Combat Center/Direction Center (SCC/DC) nuclear bunker for the division was to be at Denver, Colorado (cf. the bunkers later planned for the Cheyenne Mountain Complex and in a Cripple Creek mine). The division's general area was west-to-east from the western Nevada state meridian (near the Sierra Escarpment) to the Great Plains near Oakley, Kansas; and north–south from mid-Wyoming to just south of the Four Corners latitude. Existing Permanent System radar stations in the planned Rocky Mountain Division included the Fallon, Tonopah, and Winnemucca Air Force Stations (the atomic-powered "SAGE feeder station" in the Black Hills NF became operational in 1962);[6]: 169 and facilities and cities to be protected by the division included the Salt Lake City military installations west of the Rockies and planned Titan missile launch complexes and an Air Force Plant at the Colorado Front Range. The Reno sector was activated 15 February 1959 and the AN/FSQ-7 at Stead Air Force Base[6]: 135 was replaced by Backup Interceptor Control (BUIC) at Fallon Naval Air Station by 1970.
In February 1959, the Los Angeles Air Defense Sector was activated during the deployment of the Semi Automatic Ground Environment#Deployment (SAGE) as a subordinate unit of the 27th AD.[7] However, the Denver SCC/CC was cancelled in March 1959; so instead of moving from the Southwest United States to the interior (and the 28th Air Division then taking over as the Southwestern Air Division), the 27th Air Division was inactivated on 1 October 1959 (command transferred to the subordinate Los Angeles Air Defense Sector).
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Luke AFB
Reactivated in January 1966 at Luke Air Force Base,[1] the 27th Air Division consolidation the Los Angeles and Phoenix Air Defense Sectors, and the division assumed the additional designation of 27th NORAD Region after activation of the NORAD Combat Operations Center at the Cheyenne Mountain Complex, Colorado.[citation needed] The Norton SAGE Direction Center closed in June 1966 (the Luke Direction Center was 1 of 6 still open in 1970).[6]: 47 When the 27th AD was inactivated in 1969,[1] its mission, personnel and operations center at Luke were transferred to the 26th Air Division.[1][8]
Lineage
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- Constituted as the 27 Air Division (Defense) in September 1950
- Activated on 20 September 1950
- Inactivated on 1 February 1952[note 2]
- Organized on 1 February 1952
- Inactivated on 1 October 1959
- Redesignated as the 27th Air Division and activated on 20 January 1966
- Organized on 1 April 1966
- Inactivated on 19 November 1969[1]
Assignments[1]
- Western Air Defense Force, 20 September 1950 – 1 October 1959
- Air Defense Command, 20 January 1966
- Fourth Air Force, 1 April 1966
- Tenth Air Force, 15 September 1969 – 19 November 1969[1]
Stations[1]
- Norton Air Force Base, California, 20 September 1950 – 1 October 1959
- Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, 1 April 1966 – 19 November 1969[1]
Components
Sector
- Los Angeles Air Defense Sector, 15 February 1959 – 1 October 1959[1]
Wings
- 1st Fighter-Interceptor Wing (attached)[1]
- March Air Force Base, California 20 September 1950 – 1 February 1952
- 78th Fighter Wing (Air Defense)[1]
- Hamilton Air Force Base, California, 15 September 1969 – 19 November 1969
- 4705th Defense Wing[4]
- Norton Air Force Base, California, 1 February 1952 – 1 March 1952
Groups
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Defense Systems Evaluation Squadron
- Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, 15 November 1969 – 19 November 1959
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Radar squadrons
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References
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