1698 - Wikiwand

1698 (MDCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1698th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 698th year of the 2nd millennium, the 98th year of the 17th century, and the 9th year of the 1690s decade. As of the start of 1698, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Quick Facts

1698 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	1698 MDCXCVIII
Ab urbe condita	2451
Armenian calendar	1147 ԹՎ ՌՃԽԷ
Assyrian calendar	6448
Balinese saka calendar	1619–1620
Bengali calendar	1104–1105
Berber calendar	2648
English Regnal year	10 Will. 3 – 11 Will. 3
Buddhist calendar	2242
Burmese calendar	1060
Byzantine calendar	7206–7207
Chinese calendar	丁丑年 (Fire Ox) 4395 or 4188 — to — 戊寅年 (Earth Tiger) 4396 or 4189
Coptic calendar	1414–1415
Discordian calendar	2864
Ethiopian calendar	1690–1691
Hebrew calendar	5458–5459
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1754–1755
- Shaka Samvat	1619–1620
- Kali Yuga	4798–4799
Holocene calendar	11698
Igbo calendar	698–699
Iranian calendar	1076–1077
Islamic calendar	1109–1110
Japanese calendar	Genroku 11 (元禄１１年)
Javanese calendar	1621–1622
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	4031
Minguo calendar	214 before ROC 民前214年
Nanakshahi calendar	230
Thai solar calendar	2240–2241
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་གླང་ལོ་ (female Fire-Ox) 1824 or 1443 or 671 — to — ས་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Earth-Tiger) 1825 or 1444 or 672

Remove ads

Events

January–March

January 1 – The Abenaki tribe and Massachusetts colonists sign a treaty, ending the conflict in New England.
January 4 – The Palace of Whitehall in London, England is destroyed by fire.^[1]
January 23 – George Louis becomes Elector of Hanover upon the death of his father, Ernest Augustus. Because the widow of Ernest Augustus, George's mother Sophia, was heiress presumptive as the cousin of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, and Anne's closest eligible heir, George will become King of Great Britain.
January 30 – William Kidd, who initially seized foreign ships under authority as a privateer for the British Empire before becoming a pirate, becomes an outlaw and uses his ship, the Adventure Galley, to capture an Indian ship, the valuable Quedagh Merchant, near India.
February 17 – The Maratha Empire fort at Gingee falls after a siege of almost nine years by the Mughal Empire as King Rajaram escapes to safety. General Swarup Singh Bundela, who led the scaling of the fortress walls and Gingee's capture, is rewarded by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb with command of the area.^[2]
March 8 – The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the oldest Anglican mission organization in the world, is founded by English clergyman Thomas Bray and four other people at Lincoln's Inn in London, along with Sir Humphrey Mackworth, Maynard Colchester, Lord Guilford and John Hooke.
March
- English Bishop Jeremy Collier publishes his pamphlet A Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage, accusing several contemporary playwrights of undermining public morality in their popular comedies by using profanity, blasphemy and indecency.
- Samuel Cranston becomes the governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

April–June

April 1 – Scottish pirate William Kidd and his crew arrive at Île Sainte-Marie off of the coast of Madagascar in Kidd's Adventure Galley bringing with them the cargo of the captured ships Quedagh Merchant and Rouparelle. Upon arrival, all but 13 of Kidd's crew desert to work for another pirate, Robert Culliford. The Adventure Galley, which is leaking and falling apart, sinks and the Rouparelle is sunk by the deserters. Kidd and his 13 henchmen depart on Quedah Merchant.
April 10 – A total solar eclipse is visible in central America.^[3]
May 1 – The Banishment Act of 1697 goes into effect for Roman Catholic church officials in Ireland, having been the deadline for all "popish archbishops, bishops, vicars general, deans, jesuits, monks, friars, and other regular popish clergy" to have reported to Irish ports for deportation. Re-entry to Ireland after May 4, 1698, is a criminal offense with a penalty of 12 months imprisonment and expulsion, while a second re-entry is punishable by death as treason.
May 4 – At the imperial capital at Inwa, Sanay Min of the Toungoo dynasty becomes the new King of Burma upon the death of his father, Minye Kyawhtin.
May 17 – The British Royal Navy ship HMS Hastings, a 32-gun fifth rate, is launched.
June 20 – An earthquake of magnitude 7.2–7.9 damages an extended region around Ambato, Ecuador, including the Tungurahua, Cotopaxi and Chimborazo provinces. Ambato and Latacunga are completely destroyed and several thousand casualties are reported.^[4]
June 21 – John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough is reinstated in the English Army, with readmission to the Privy Council by King William III. On July 26, he is selected as one of the Lords Justice.^[5]
June 22 – The executions of 57 leaders of the Streltsy uprising begin and continue until June 28.^[6]
June 24 – The Trade with Africa Act 1697 goes into effect in English overseas possessions, ending the monopoly of the Royal African Company (RAC) on the triangular trade by opening it to any English merchants who pay a 10 percent fee to the RAC.

July–September

July 2 – Thomas Savery patents the first steam engine.^[7]
July 7 – The English House of Commons is dissolved and new elections are held between July 19 and August 10 for a parliament to be summoned on August 24.^[8]
July 14 – Darien scheme: The first Scottish settlers leave for an ill-fated colony in Panama.
July 25 – English engineer Thomas Savery obtains a patent for a steam pump.^[9]
August 24 – King William III opens the newly elected House of Commons at Westminster.^[8]
August 25 – Peter the Great arrives back in Moscow; General Patrick Gordon has already crushed the Streltsy Uprising, with 341 rebels sentenced to be decapitated.
September 5
- In an effort to move his people away from Asiatic customs, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a beard tax.
- A charter is granted by King William III of England to the new East India Company of England, called "the New Company" or "the English Company" to break the monopoly that has existed in India since 1689 with the existing British East India Company.^[10]
September 8 – The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth defeats the Tatars in the Battle of Podhajce, the last battle between the Ottoman Empire and the Polish and Lithuanians.

October–December

October 11 – The Treaty of the Hague is signed between the Dutch Republic, England and France.^[11]
October 24 – Iberville and Bienville sail from Brest to the Gulf of Mexico, to defend the southern borders of New France.^[12]
November 2 – The Darien scheme Scottish settlers land in Panama and establish their ill-fated colony; 80% of them would die within the first year.
November 14
- The first Eddystone Lighthouse, built off Plymouth, England, is illuminated.
- The Spanish king Carlos names his grandson Jozef Ferdinand as his heir.
November 16 – A congress begins in Sremski Karlovci to discuss a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League.
November – Tani Jinzan, astronomer and calendar scholar, observes a fire destroy Tosa (now Kōchi) in Japan at the same time as a Leonid meteor shower, taking it as evidence to reinforce belief in the "Theory of Areas".
December 8 – King William III of England issues a proclamation of "our most gracious pardon unto all such pirates in the East Indies, viz., all eastward of the Cape of Good Hope, who shall surrender themselves for piracies or robberies committed by them upon sea or land" before April 30, 1699, to Captain Thomas Warren, but specifically "excepting Henry Every, alias Bridgman, and William Kidd.^[13]
December 9 – Francis Nicholson becomes the new British colonial governor of Virginia, succeeding Sir Edmund Andros.^[14]
December 12 – Mombasa (referred to at the time as Fort Jesus, and now part of Kenya) falls under control of the Emirate of Oman, with Imam Sa'if ibn Sultan as the first Omani Governor.

Date unknown

Bucharest becomes the capital of Wallachia (part of modern-day Romania).
In Africa, Zanzibar is captured by Oman.
The Whigs sponsor Captain Kidd of New York as a privateer against French shipping.
Humphrey Hody is appointed regius professor of Greek at Oxford.
Shepherd Neame Brewery founded.
Ukraine suffers a great famine.

Remove ads

Births