Communist Party of Persia

For the Communist Party active in Iran during the 1980s, see Communist Party of Iran. For centre-right party founded in 1941, see Justice Party (Iran).

The Communist Party of Persia (Persian: حزب کمونیست ایران, romanized: Ḥezb-e komūnīst-e Iran) was an Iranian communist party. Originally established as the Justice Party (Persian: فرقه عدالت, romanized: Ferqa'ye ʿEdālat) in 1917^[2] by the former social democrats who supported Baku-based Bolsheviks, it participated in the Communist International in 1919 and was renamed the "Communist Party of Persia" in 1920.^[2]

Communist Party of Iran
General Secretary	Haydar Khan Amo-oghli
First Secretary	Assadollah Ghaffarzadeh (first) Avetis Sultan-Zade (last)
Founded	1917
Banned	1921
Succeeded by	Tudeh Party of Iran[1]
Newspaper	Peykar
Youth wing	Young Communist League of Persia
Ideology	Communism
Political position	Far-left
International affiliation	Communist International
Politics of Iran Political parties Elections

Haydar Khan Amo-oghli, one of the leaders of the Persian Constitutional Revolution, was elected as its general secretary. Its foundation came about as a result of the establishment of the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic, earlier that year, by Mirza Kuchik Khan and his Jangali ("Jungle Movement") insurgents.

The party was banned in 1921 (coinciding with the defeat of the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic), though members continued activities underground until the foundation of the Tudeh Party of Iran in 1941, which thereafter became the official communist party in the country.