Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313)

For other uses, see Anne of Bohemia (disambiguation).

Anne of Bohemia (15 Oct 1290 – 3 Sep 1313) was the eldest surviving daughter of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland and his first wife Judith of Habsburg. Her siblings included Elizabeth of Bohemia and Wenceslaus III of Bohemia.^[1][2]

Anne of Bohemia
Queen consort of Bohemia
Tenure	1306
Queen consort of Bohemia
Tenure	1307–1310
Born	15 October 1290 Bohemia
Died	3 September 1313(1313-09-03) (aged 22) Ljubljana, Carniola
Spouse	Henry of Bohemia
Dynasty	Přemyslid
Father	Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
Mother	Judith of Habsburg

Family

Anne was born in 1290 in the Kingdom of Bohemia.^[3] Her mother, Judith, died in 1297 when Anne was seven years old.^[4] Of her mother's ten children, only four lived to adulthood: Wenceslaus, Anne, Elizabeth and Margaret.

In 1300 Anne's widowed father, Wenceslaus, remarried a Polish princess called Elizabeth Richenza from the genus Piast dynasty.^[5] Anne's father then gained the Crown of Poland for the next five years (he died in 1305). They had a daughter, Agnes of Bohemia.

Her father also had numerous illegitimate children, including Jan Volek (?? – 27 September 1351), bishop of Olomouc.

Marriage

In 1306 Anne married Henry of Carinthia, a son of Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia and Elisabeth of Bavaria.^[5]

After the murder of Anne's brother, Wenceslaus, in 1306, Anne's husband was elected King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland. However, all power was soon taken over by Rudolf of Habsburg. Anne and Henry then fled to Carinthia out of reach from Rudolph. Rudolph only reigned for one year and on his death Henry assumed the throne of Bohemia again.^[6]

The royal couple turned their attention to Anne's younger unmarried sister Elisabeth. They wished to have her married but Elisabeth refused every suitor that came forward. In 1310 Elisabeth married John of Luxembourg.^[7] This union caused Anne and Elisabeth to fall out. ^[8]

By 1310 John and Elisabeth occupied Prague; Anne and Henry were sent back to live in Carinthia in exile. She died in 1313 in Ljubljana, the capital of Carniola, then part of her husband's domains.^[9] She was buried in Bolzano, Tyrol. She died aged only twenty two and childless. Her husband married twice more.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313)
8. Wenceslaus I of Bohemia 4. Ottokar II of Bohemia 9. Kunigunde of Hohenstaufen 2. Wenceslaus II of Bohemia 10. Rostislav Mikhailovich 5. Kunigunda of Slavonia 11. Anna of Hungary 1. Anne of Bohemia 12. Albert IV, Count of Habsburg 6. Rudolf I of Germany 13. Heilwig of Kiburg 3. Judith of Habsburg 14. Burckhard V, Count of Hohenburg 7. Gertrude of Hohenberg 15. Mechtild of Tübingen

Sources in English

• Anne's Bohemia; Czech Literature and Society, 1310–1420, by Alfred Thomas University of Minnesota Press, 1998, Preface by David Wallace