Arsinoitheriidae

Arsinoitheriidae is a family of mammals belonging to the extinct order Embrithopoda.^[1] Remains have been found in the Middle East, Africa, Asia and Romania. When alive, they would have borne a strong but superficial resemblance to modern rhinoceroses; however, they were not closely related to them (or any other perissodactyl), instead being more closely related to hyraxes, elephants, sirenians, and possibly desmostylians (as part of the superorder Afrotheria).

Arsinoitheriidae Temporal range: Late Eocene–Early Oligocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Skeleton of Arsinoitherium zitteli
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Embrithopoda
Family:	†Arsinoitheriidae Andrews, 1904
Genera
†Arsinoitherium †Namatherium

Fossil record

Reconstruction of an undetermined Arsinoitherium species

Arsinoitherium zitteli skull

The last genus, Arsinoitherium, was first recovered from the Latest Eocene of the Fayum; it disappears from the fossil record altogether before the end of the Early Oligocene.

Etymology

The name honors the wife of Ptolemy II, Queen Arsinoe II of Egypt, as the first fossils of Arsinoitherium were found near the ruins of her palace.