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Douglas B-23 Dragon
American medium bomber aircraft From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Douglas B-23 Dragon is an American twin-engined bomber developed by the Douglas Aircraft Company as a successor to the B-18 Bolo.
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Design and development
Douglas proposed a number of modifications designed to improve the performance of the B-18. Initially considered a redesign, the XB-22 featured 1,600 hp Wright R-2600-1 Twin Cyclone radial engines. The complete B-18 redesign was considered promising enough by the USAAC to alter the original contract to produce the last 38 B-18As ordered under Contract AC9977 as the B-23.[1] The design incorporated a larger wingspan with a wing design very similar to that of the DC-3, a fully retractable undercarriage, and improved defensive armament. The B-23 was the first operational American bomber equipped with a glazed tail gun position.[1] The tail gun was a .50 calibre (12.7 mm) machine gun, which was fired from the prone position by a gunner using a telescopic sight.[2]
The first B-23 flew on July 27, 1939 with the production series of 38 B-23s manufactured between July 1939 and September 1940.[3]
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Operational history
While significantly faster and better armed than the B-18,[4] the B-23 was not comparable to newer medium bombers like the North American B-25 Mitchell and Martin B-26 Marauder. For this reason, the 38 B-23s built were never used in combat overseas, although for a brief period they were employed as patrol aircraft stationed on the west coast of the United States.[1] The B-23s were primarily relegated to training duties, although 18 of them were later converted as transports and redesignated UC-67.[4]
The B-23 also served as a testbed for new engines and systems. For example, one was used for turbosupercharger development by General Electric at Schenectady, New York. Another was used for testing cabin pressurization.[5]
After World War II, many examples were used as executive transports, with appropriate internal modifications, and as a result a large number have survived, both in public and private collections.[4] Howard Hughes (among others) used converted B-23s as personal aircraft.
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Operators
Variants
- B-23
- Twin-engined bomber version of the B-18 with modified fuselage, 38 built.
- C-67
- Conversion to utility transport with provision for glider towing, 12 conversions from B-23, redesignated UC-67 in 1943.
- UC-67
- C-67 redesignated in 1943.
Surviving aircraft
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United States
- 39-0033 – B-23 under restoration with ATW Aviation in Marana, Arizona.[7]
- 39-0036 – B-23 on static display at the McChord Air Museum at McChord Field near Lakewood, Washington.[8]
- 39-0037 – B-23 in storage at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright-Patterson AFB in Dayton, Ohio.[9]
- 39-0038 – B-23 in storage at the National Warplane Museum in Geneseo, New York.[10]
- 39-0047 – UC-67 on static display at the Castle Air Museum in Atwater, California.[11]
- 39-0051 – B-23 on static display at the Pima Air & Space Museum in Tucson, Arizona.[12]
- 39-0057 – B-23 in storage at Fantasy of Flight in Polk City, Florida.[13]
- 39-0063 – B-23 airworthy with private owner in Anchorage, Alaska.[14]
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Specifications (B-23 Dragon)
Data from McDonnell Douglas Aircraft since 1920[15]
General characteristics
- Crew: Six
- Length: 58 ft 4+3⁄4 in (17.799 m)
- Wingspan: 92 ft 0 in (28.04 m)
- Height: 18 ft 5+1⁄2 in (5.626 m)
- Wing area: 993 sq ft (92.3 m2)
- Empty weight: 19,089 lb (8,659 kg)
- Gross weight: 26,500 lb (12,020 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 32,400 lb (14,696 kg)
- Powerplant: 2 × Wright R-2600-3 radial engine, 1,600 hp (1,200 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 282 mph (454 km/h, 245 kn) at 12,000 ft (3,660 m)
- Cruise speed: 210 mph (340 km/h, 180 kn)
- Range: 1,400 mi (2,300 km, 1,200 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 31,600 ft (9,600 m)
- Time to altitude: 6.7 minutes to 10,000 ft (3,050 m)
Armament
- Guns: 3 × .30 in (7.62 mm) machine guns, 1 × .50 in (12.7 mm) machine gun in tail
- Bombs: 2,000 lb (910 kg) in bomb bay
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See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References
External links
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