| Growth stage | Code | Description |
|---|
| 0: Germination |
00 | Dry seed |
| 01 | Beginning of imbibition: seeds begins to take up water |
| 03 | Seed imbibition complete (pellet cracked) |
| 05 | Radicle emerged from seed (pellet) |
| 07 | Shoot emerged from seed (pellet) |
| 09 | Emergence: shoot emerges through soil surface |
| 1: Leaf development (youth stage) |
10 | First leaf visible (pinhead-size): cotyledons horizontally unfolded |
| 11 | First pair of leaves visible, not yet unfolded (pea-size) |
| 12 | 2 leaves (first pair of leaves) unfolded |
| 14 | 4 leaves (2nd pair of leaves) unfolded |
| 15 | 5 leaves unfolded |
| 1 . | Stages continuous till ... |
| 19 | 9 and more leaves unfolded |
| 3: Rosette growth (crop cover) |
31 | Beginning of crop cover: leaves cover 10% of ground |
| 32 | Leaves cover 20% of ground |
| 33 | Leaves cover 30% of ground |
| 34 | Leaves cover 40% of ground |
| 35 | Leaves cover 50% of ground |
| 36 | Leaves cover 60% of ground |
| 37 | Leaves cover 70% of ground |
| 38 | Leaves cover 80% of ground |
| 39 | Crop cover complete: leaves cover 90% of ground |
| 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts Beet root |
49 | Beet root has reached harvestable size |
| 5: Inflorescence emergence (2nd year of growth) |
51 | Beginning of elongation of main stem |
| 52 | Main stem 20 cm long |
| 53 | Side shoot buds visible on main stem |
| 54 | Side shoots clearly visible on main stem |
| 55 | First individual flower buds on side shoots visible |
| 59 | First bracts visible; flower buds still closed |
| 6: Flowering |
60 | First flowers open |
| 61 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open |
| 62 | 20% of flowers open |
| 63 | 30% of flowers open |
| 64 | 40% of flowers open |
| 65 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers open |
| 67 | Flowering declining: 70% of flowers open or dry |
| 69 | End of flowering: all flowers dry, fruit set visible |
| 7: Development of fruit |
71 | Beginning of seed development: seeds visible in infructescence |
| 75 | Pericarp green; fruit still mouldable; perisperm milky; colour of seed coat: beige |
| 8: Ripening |
81 | Beginning of ripening: pericarp green-brown, seed coat light brown |
| 85 | Pericarp light brown, seed coat reddish brown |
| 87 | Pericarp hard, seed coat dark brown |
| 89 | Fully ripe: seed coat final colour (specific to variety and species), perisperm hard |
| 9: Senescence |
91 | Beginning of leaf discolouration |
| 93 | Most leaves yellowish |
| 95 | 50% of leaves brownish |
| 97 | Leaves dead |
| 99 | Harvested product (seeds) |
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