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Bar'an Temple
Sabaean temple in Yemen From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Barran Temple (Arabic: معبد بران) is a Sabaean temple near Marib, Yemen; also known as the "Throne of Bilqis", it dates back to the 10th century BCE[1] and was dedicated to the god al-Maqah.
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In 2023, along with other landmarks of the ancient Kingdom of Saba, the temple was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.[2]
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Background
The temple is located to the west of the Temple of Awwam, also dedicated to the god Almaqah.[3] The main features of the structure are the six columns and the sacred well in the middle of the courtyard.[4] Until the 1988 excavations only five columns were known to exist, when remains of another were discovered.[5] The temple is considered to be the largest pre-Islamic temple in Yemen.[5]
It was partly excavated by Wendell Phillips' expedition of 1951–1952.[6][7] In addition to its religious functions the complex may have also served as a documentation center, as the inscriptions describing the events surrounding the Sabaean state were found on the walls.[5]
Upright female figurines dating to the first to the third centuries CE have been found with what D’arne O’Neill described as "m a necklace-like neck treatment decorated with small holes".[8]
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References
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