Brienz Rothorn Railway

The Brienz Rothorn Railway (German: Brienz Rothorn Bahn, BRB) is a tourist rack railway in Switzerland, which climbs from Brienz, at the eastern end of Lake Brienz, to the summit of the Brienzer Rothorn. The railway is 7.6 kilometres (4.7 mi) long, is built to 800 mm gauge (2 ft 7+1⁄2 in gauge), and uses the Abt double lamella rack system. Unusually for Switzerland, the line is not electrified, and most trains are operated by steam locomotives.^[1][2][3][4]

Brienz Rothorn Railway
Steam train with old coach halting at Planalp
Overview
Native name	Brienz Rothorn Bahn
Status	Open
Locale	Canton of Bern, Switzerland
Termini	Brienz Brienzer Rothorn
Service
Type	Rack railway
History
Opened	17 June 1892, reopened 13 June 1931
Closed	1 August 1914
Technical
Line length	7.6 kilometres (4.7 mi)
Number of tracks	single track with passing loops
Rack system	Abt[1][2][3]
Track gauge	800 mm (2 ft 7+1⁄2 in)
Electrification	None
Highest elevation	2,244 m (7,362 ft)
Maximum incline	25 %
Route diagram Legend km elevation (M) or length (m) 0.0 Brienz BRB 566 M Wellenberg bridge Schwarzfluh tunnel 18 m 2.1 Geldried 1,019 M Erd tunnel 119 m Fluh tunnel 290 m 3.6 Planalp 1,341 M Chüemaad tunnel 133 m 5.7 Oberstaffel 1,819 M Schonegg tunnel I 37 m Schonegg tunnel II 133 m 7.6 Rothorn Kulm 2,244 M This diagram: view talk edit

The Brienz Rothorn Railway reaches a height of 2,244 metres (7,362 ft) above sea level and is the fourth-highest railway in Switzerland.^[5]

History

Share of the Brienz-Rothornbahn-AG, 1892

The railway was opened on 17 June 1892, after a two years construction period. The two designers, engineer Alexander Lindner and contractor Theo Bertschinger were supported by the mountain railway pioneer Roman Abt, who had responsibility for equipping the line with his newly developed Abt double lamella rack system.

The line connected at Brienz with the Brünig railway line, which had been opened in 1888 from Brienz eastwards towards Lucerne. However, the Brünig railway was not extended westward to Interlaken until 1916, so many early travelers to the Rothorn had to arrive by boat service on Lake Brienz.^[6]

The line was quickly in financial difficulties. The line was designed to carry 25,000 passengers per year, but only managed 5,000 passengers in the first year. Tourist traffic was further affected by the opening of Schynige Platte Railway in 1895 and the Jungfraubahn in 1898. Train service was suspended on 1 August 1914 as a result of the First World War, but did not resume when the war ended.

Essential maintenance was carried out and a small amount of timber traffic was carried from Planalp in 1918. Carriages were hired to the Schynige Platte Railway in 1924 and 1925, providing funds for the maintenance work. The line was finally re-opened on 13 June 1931, the first train to reach the summit in 17 years having run four days earlier. The railway was in good condition because of the continued maintenance.

Unlike other Swiss mountain lines, the BRB was not electrified and this made the railway a special attraction as from 1953 to 1990 it was the only steam-operated line in Switzerland. Although other Swiss mountain railways offer special "steam" trips, this is the only line to offer a full steam service, the Diesel locomotive only being used for additional trains and for light traffic periods.

Route

The BRB is 7.6 kilometres (4.7 mi) long with a maximum gradient of 1 in 4 (25%) and includes five tunnels. It begins in Brienz at 566 m (1,857 ft) above sea level, from a terminus opposite the Brienz station of the Zentralbahn company's Brünig line. Also nearby is the quay used by the BLS AG shipping services on Lake Brienz.^[4]

The railway is single track with three passing loops. The first passing loop is at Geldried, 1,019 m (3,343 ft) above sea level. The halfway passing loop of the line is at Planalp station at 1,341 m (4,400 ft) above sea level (the only stop on the line). The older steam locomotives stop to take water. The third passing loop is at Oberstafel, 1,819 m (5,968 ft) above sea level.^[4]

The upper terminus of the line is at Rothorn Kulm station at 2,244 m (7,362 ft) above sea level, a little below the summit of the mountain.^[4]

A popular hiking trail runs between the summit station, and the Brünig-Hasliberg station at the point where the Brünig line crosses the Brünig Pass.^[7]

A diesel train at the bottom station

Wellenberg bridge on the Trachtbach

Two steam trains meeting at Geldried

Diesel train above Mittlischten

Two steam trains at the summit station. One with a historic coach and the other with a modern coach

Locomotives and rolling stock

All steam locomotives are Class H2/3, indicating that two of the three axles are driven, giving a wheel arrangement (Whyte System) of 0-4-2. The older locomotives are a side tank, "kneeling cow" design of a standard SLM product. The modern steam locomotives use an efficient "light oil" fired steam technology and were built by SLM (former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works) of Winterthur.

A prototype Diesel locomotive, class Hm2/2, number 8, was delivered in 1973, but sold to the Chemin de fer Montreux-Glion-Rochers-de-Naye in 1995 as their Number 4. New Diesel locomotives were constructed by Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik and are of (Whyte System) 0-4-0 wheel arrangement to a "kneeling cow" design.

Brienz Rothorn Bahn Locomotives
BRB No.	Builder(s)	Works No.	Year Built	Type	Notes
1 (I)	SLM	688	1891	Steam	Scrapped 1961
1 (II)	SLM	693	1892	Steam	Ex-MGN, 1962 1892-1941 was Monte Generoso 7
2	SLM	689	1891	Steam
3	SLM	719	1892	Steam	Out of service since 1993. Withdrawn 2005 and displayed at the Steck premises at Bowil. Now returned to the depot in Brienz.
4	SLM	720	1892	Steam	Out of service since 1993
5	SLM	690	1891	Steam	Ex WAB1 1912
6	SLM	3567	1933	Steam — Geared
7	SLM	3611	1936	Steam — Geared
8	Reggazoni-Buhler-Caterpillar		1973	Diesel-hydraulic	Prototype Class Hm2/2. Sold to MGR, 1995
9	Steck	-	1976	Diesel-hydraulic	Class Hm2/2
10	Steck	-	1976	Diesel-hydraulic	Class Hm2/2
11	Steck	-	1986	Diesel-hydraulic	Class Hm2/2
12	SLM	5456	1992	Steam
14	SLM	5689	1996	Steam
15	SLM	5690	1996	Steam	Named Kanaya after a station on the Oigawa Railway
16	SLM	5457	1992	Steam	Ex-MGR 1, 2005

Coaching Stock of the Brienz Rothorn Bahn.
BRB No.	Builder	Date Built	No. of Wheels (Bogies)	Seats	Notes
B1		1892	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	40
B3		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B4		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B5		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B6		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B7		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B8		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B9		1972	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	56	Arched Roof
B11		1892	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	48
B12		1892	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	48
B14		1987	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	60	Lightweight
B15		1987	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	60	Lightweight
B16		1933	8 (2 x 2 axle bogies)	48
B21		1892	4	28	Semi-open
B26		1933	4	32
B27		1933	6	40	"Bistrowagen"

Timetable

Passengers preparing for boarding at the summit station

The Brienz Rothorn Railway operated 7 days per week from June 4 to October 23, 2016, all the way up to the Rothorn. They tried to ensure that all their services are steam-powered.

Departures from Brienz

Brienz BRB	07:30*	08:36	09:40	10:45	11:45	12:58	13:58	14:58	16:36
Planalp	07:56*	09:03	10:07	11:12	12:15	13:27	14:27	15:27	17:03
Rothorn	08:25*	09:31	10:35	11:43	12:45	13:57	14:57	15:57	17:31

Departures from Rothorn Kulm

Rothorn	08:30*	09:38	11:15	12:20	13:28	14:28	15:28	16:28	17:40
Planalp	09:02*	10:10	11:50	12:58	14:02	15:02	16:02	17:02	18:12
Brienz BRB	09:30*	10:38	12:20	13:30	14:32	15:32	16:32	17:32	18:40

See also

• List of heritage railways and funiculars in Switzerland
• List of mountain railways in Switzerland