Changping, Beijing

Changping District (Chinese: 昌平区; pinyin: Chāngpíng Qū), formerly Changping County (昌平县), is a district situated in the suburbs of north and northwest Beijing. Changping has a population of 2,269,487 as of November 2020, making it the most populous suburban district of Beijing.^[1]

Changping 昌平区
District
Changping District in May 2022
Location of Changping District in Beijing
Coordinates (Changping government): 40°13′16″N 116°13′52″E
Country	China
Municipality	Beijing
Township-level divisions	8 subdistricts 10 towns
District seat	Chengbei Subdistrict (城北街道)
Area
• Total	1,352 km2 (522 sq mi)
Population  (2020)
• Total	2,269,487[1]
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Area code	0010

History

Changping County and Jundu County which administered the area were established in the Han dynasty. Changping was incorporated into Jundu when the Northern Wei dominated; however, the condition was reversed since the Eastern Wei. The county was promoted as Changping subprefecture had jurisdiction over Miyun, Shunyi and Huairou, in the era of Zhengde during the Ming dynasty. These three counties were transferred to Shuntian Prefecture in the era of Yongzheng during the Qing dynasty. Changping became a county again after the Xinhai Revolution, and it was transferred to Beijing from Hebei in 1956.^[2]

Geography

Changping District, covering an area of 1,430 square kilometres (550 sq mi), contains two subdistricts of the city of Changping and 15 towns (five of which are suburbs of Beijing) with total population of 1.83 million (2012),^[3] a rapid increase from the 614,821 recorded in the 2000 census. About 34 km (21 mi) from the city center, Changping is renowned for its numerous scenic spots and tourist facilities, like Datangshan museum. It is rich in natural resources, mineral products, and rural products.

The urban area of Changping (116,961 in subdistricts) has an area of 16 km² (6.2 sq mi) and an estimated population of 130,000. Other major urban areas are Nankou (70,000) and Yangfang (40,000).^[4]

Climate

Changping District has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Changping is 13.0 °C (55.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 517.9 mm (20.39 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 26.8 °C (80.2 °F), and lowest in January, at around −3.0 °C (26.6 °F).

Climate data for Changping District, elevation 76 m (249 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	14.6 (58.3)	20.5 (68.9)	29.2 (84.6)	33.3 (91.9)	38.5 (101.3)	40.7 (105.3)	41.4 (106.5)	37.5 (99.5)	34.7 (94.5)	31.1 (88.0)	23.1 (73.6)	19.3 (66.7)	41.4 (106.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	2.3 (36.1)	6.2 (43.2)	13.2 (55.8)	21.2 (70.2)	27.5 (81.5)	30.9 (87.6)	31.8 (89.2)	30.8 (87.4)	26.4 (79.5)	19.3 (66.7)	10.3 (50.5)	3.5 (38.3)	18.6 (65.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−3.0 (26.6)	0.3 (32.5)	7.1 (44.8)	15.1 (59.2)	21.3 (70.3)	25.1 (77.2)	26.8 (80.2)	25.7 (78.3)	20.6 (69.1)	13.3 (55.9)	4.8 (40.6)	−1.4 (29.5)	13.0 (55.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−7.3 (18.9)	−4.7 (23.5)	1.3 (34.3)	8.6 (47.5)	14.6 (58.3)	19.4 (66.9)	22.3 (72.1)	21.2 (70.2)	15.5 (59.9)	8.2 (46.8)	0.3 (32.5)	−5.5 (22.1)	7.8 (46.1)
Record low °C (°F)	−19.7 (−3.5)	−16.6 (2.1)	−12.7 (9.1)	−2.1 (28.2)	3.0 (37.4)	10.4 (50.7)	14.3 (57.7)	13.0 (55.4)	4.3 (39.7)	−4.3 (24.3)	−13.1 (8.4)	−16.2 (2.8)	−19.7 (−3.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	2.0 (0.08)	4.6 (0.18)	9.4 (0.37)	17.9 (0.70)	35.3 (1.39)	82.3 (3.24)	170.4 (6.71)	102.0 (4.02)	54.3 (2.14)	24.8 (0.98)	12.4 (0.49)	2.5 (0.10)	517.9 (20.4)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	1.4	2.3	3.1	4.4	6.3	10.0	13.5	10.7	7.9	5.1	2.9	1.8	69.4
Average snowy days	2.5	2.4	1.5	0.2	0	0	0	0	0	0	2.0	2.9	11.5
Average relative humidity (%)	39	39	38	40	45	57	70	70	64	56	50	42	51
Mean monthly sunshine hours	199.4	197.3	235.3	248.7	271.5	228.7	190.9	205.8	207.6	207.8	179.6	187.5	2,560.1
Percentage possible sunshine	66	65	63	62	61	51	42	49	56	61	61	65	59
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6] all-time extreme temperature[7]

Administrative divisions

There are 8 subdistricts and 14 towns with 4 towns of which carry the "area" (地区) label in the district:^[8][9]

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2020)[10]	Area (km2)[citation needed]
Chengbei Subdistrict	城北街道	Chéngběi Jiēdào	228,561	18.90
Chengnan Subdistrict	城南街道	Chéngnán Jiēdào	88,963	14.13
Huilongguan Subdistrict	回龙观街道	Huílóngguān Jiēdào	166,074
Longzeyuan Subdistrict	龙泽园街道	Lóngzéyuán Jiēdào	181,906
Shigezhuang Subdistrict	史各庄街道	Shǐgèzhuāng Jiēdào	64,910
Tiantongyuanbei Subdistrict	天通苑北街道	Tiāntōngyuànběi Jiēdào	142,707	4.70
Tiantongyuannan Subdistrict	天通苑南街道	Tiāntōngyuànnán Jiēdào	116,529	5.60
Huoying Subdistrict	霍营街道	Huòyíng Jiēdào	93,545	4.60
Dongxiaokou (town) Area	东小口(镇)地区	Dōngxiǎokǒu (Zhèn) Dìqū	85,874	32.20
Nankou (town) Area	南口(镇)地区	Nánkǒu (Zhèn) Dìqū	82,146	202.50
Machikou (town) Area	马池口(镇)地区	Mǎchíkǒu (Zhèn) Dìqū	87,506	58.40
Shahe (town) Area	沙河(镇)地区	Shāhé (Zhèn) Dìqū	294,408	56.00
Yangfang town	阳坊镇	Yángfāng Zhèn	26,470	40.52
Xiaotangshan town	小汤山镇	Xiǎotāngshān Zhèn	80,273	70.10
Nanshao town	南邵镇	Nánshào Zhèn	65,403	35.20
Cuicun town	崔村镇	Cuīcūn Zhèn	24,630	60.00
Baishan town	百善镇	Bǎi shàn Zhèn	36,546	35.14
Beiqijia town	北七家镇	Běiqījiā Zhèn	308,907	21.4
Liucun town	流村镇	Liúcūn Zhèn	18,139	257.00
Shisanling town	十三陵镇	Shísānlíng Zhèn	34,085	158.80
Xingshou town	兴寿镇	Xìngshòu Zhèn	34,139	75.00
Yanshou town	延寿镇	Yánshòu Zhèn	7,766	113.31

Economy

In 2017, the regional GDP of the district is 83.97 billion yuan,^[11] with GDP per capita at 40.7 thousand yuan.

Features

• Ming Dynasty Tombs
• Cloud Platform at Juyong Pass, one of the "three great mountain passes" of the Great Wall of China
• Triathlon Venue for the Triathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics
• Qincheng Prison of the Ministry of Public Security (near Xiaotangshan)^[12]
• Wonderland Amusement Park (Beijing)

Central government

Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has its headquarters in the district.^[13]

Transport

Changping District is served by four metro lines operated by Beijing Subway and one commuter line operated by Beijing Suburban Railway (BCR). Changping District is served by Beijing Subway Lines 5, 8, 13 and the Changping line.^[14]

Metro

•      Line 5 - Tiantongyuan North, Tiantongyuan, Tiantongyuan South
•      Line 8 - Zhuxinzhuang  Changping , Yuzhilu, Pingxifu, Huilongguan Dongdajie, Huoying  13 
•      Line 13 - Longze, Huilongguan, Huoying  8 
•      Changping line - Life Science Park, Zhuxinzhuang  8 , Gonghuacheng, Shahe, Shahe University Park, Nanshao, Beishaowa, Changping Dongguan, Changping, Ming Tombs, Changping Xishankou

Beijing Suburban Railway

•      Line S2 - Changping railway station, Nankou railway station, Huangtudian railway station
•      Huairou–Miyun line - Changping North railway station

Education

Colleges and universities

• China University of Petroleum (Beijing)^[15]
• Peking University Changping Campus
• Central University of Finance and Economics
• Beihang University
• China Foreign Affairs University
• China University of Political Science and Law Changping Campus^[16]

Primary and secondary schools

Main article: List of schools in Changping District

Public schools:

• Changping District No. 1 High School (北京市昌平区第一中学)
• Changping District No. 2 High School (北京市昌平区第二中学)

Private schools:

• Beijing Huijia Private School is in Changping District.^[17]
• Beijing Royal School
• The Korean International School in Beijing was previously located in Changping District.^[18]

Gallery

• 
  Shisanling Reservoir
• 
  Jiutai Road (九台路) in northern Changping District
• 
  Cloud Platform at Juyongguan

See also

• Changping railway station
• Changping North railway station
• Index: Districts of Beijing
• List of administrative divisions of Beijing