Ciampi government

The Ciampi Cabinet, led by the former Governor of the Bank of Italy Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, was the 50th cabinet of the Italian Republic^[2] and the second and final cabinet of the XI Legislature. It held office from 29 April 1993 until 11 May 1994, a total of 378 days, or 1 year and 12 days.

Official photo of the Ciampi's government after the oath at the Quirinal Palace

Ciampi Cabinet
50th Cabinet of Italy
Date formed	29 April 1993 (1993-04-29)
Date dissolved	11 May 1994 (1994-05-11) (378 days)
People and organisations
Head of state	Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Head of government	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
No. of ministers	25 (incl. Prime Minister)
Ministers removed	6
Total no. of members	30 (incl. Prime Minister)
Member parties	Independents, DC, PSI, PSDI, PLI Abstention: PDS, LN, PRI, FdV
Status in legislature	National unity government Technocratic cabinet[1]
Opposition parties	PRC, MSI, Rete
History
Outgoing election	1994 election
Legislature term	XI Legislature (1992–1994)
Predecessor	Amato I Cabinet
Successor	Berlusconi I Cabinet

It was the first government of the Italian Republic led by a non-Parliamentarian and the last government led by Christian Democrats.

Former communists joined the government for the first time since 1947,^[3] but they left the government after a few days.

Indeed, on 4 May 1993, a few days later the settlement of the government, the Democratic Party of the Left and the Federation of the Greens withdrew their ministers, in protest against the failed authorization to proceed against Bettino Craxi by the Chamber of Deputies.^[4] The PDS ministers were replaced with independents.

The cabinet obtained the confidence in the Chamber of Deputies on 7 May 1993, with 309 votes in favour, 60 against and 182 abstentions, and in the Senate on 12 May 1993, with 162 votes in favour, 36 against and 50 abstentions.^[5] The Democratic Party of the Left, the Northern League, the Italian Republican Party and the Greens refrained from voting for confidence in the government.

The government resigned on 13 January 1994.^[6]

Party breakdown

The government was initially composed of the members of the following parties:

• Independents: Prime Minister, 8 ministers
• Christian Democracy (DC): 8 ministers and 20 undersecretaries
• Italian Socialist Party (PSI): 5 ministers and 10 undersecretaries
• Italian Liberal Party (PLI): 1 minister and 3 undersecretaries
• Italian Democratic Socialist Party (PSDI): 1 minister and 3 undersecretaries
• Italian Republican Party (PRI): 1 undersecretary

Until 4 May 1993, the government was also composed of members of the following parties:

• Democratic Party of the Left (PDS): 3 ministers
• Federation of the Greens (FdV): 1 minister

Composition

Portrait	Office	Name	Term	Party		Undersecretaries
	Prime Minister	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent	Antonio Maccanico (PRI)[a] Vito Riggio (DC)[b]
	Minister of Foreign Affairs	Beniamino Andreatta	29 April 1993 – 19 April 1994		Christian Democracy	Carmelo Azzarà (DC) Giuseppe Giacovazzo (DC) Laura Fincato (PSI)
		Leopoldo Elia	19 April 1994 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy
	Minister of the Interior	Nicola Mancino	29 April 1993 – 19 April 1994		Christian Democracy	Antonino Murmura (DC) Saverio D'Aquino (PLI) Costantino Dell'Osso (PSI)
		Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (ad interim)	19 April 1994 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of Justice	Giovanni Conso	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent	Vincenzo Binetti (DC) Daniela Mazzuconi (DC)
	Minister of Budget and Economic Planning	Luigi Spaventa	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent	Luigi Grillo (DC) Florindo D'Aimmo (DC)
	Minister of Finance	Vincenzo Visco	29 April 1993 – 5 May 1993		Democratic Party of the Left	Stefano De Luca (PLI) Riccardo Triglia (DC) Antonio Pappalardo (PSDI) (until 22 May 1993) Paolo Bruno (PSDI) (since 14 June 1993)
		Franco Gallo	5 May 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of Treasury	Piero Barucci	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy	Paolo De Paoli (PSDI) Piergiovanni Malvestio (DC) Maurizio Sacconi (PSI) Sergio Coloni (DC)
	Minister of Defence	Fabio Fabbri	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Italian Socialist Party	Antonio Giagu Demartini (DC) Antonio Patuelli (PLI)
	Minister of Public Education	Rosa Russo Jervolino	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy	Giuseppe Matulli (DC) Antonio Mario Innamorato (PSI)
	Minister of Public Works	Francesco Merloni	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy	Achille Cutrera (PSI) Pino Pisicchio (DC)
	Minister of Agriculture and Forests	Alfredo Luigi Diana	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy	Pasquale Diglio (PSI)
	Minister of Post and Telecommunications	Maurizio Pagani	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Italian Democratic Socialist Party	Ombretta Fumagalli Carulli (DC)
	Minister of Industry, Commerce and Craftsmanship	Paolo Savona	29 April 1993 – 19 April 1994		Independent	Germano De Cinque (DC) Rossella Artioli (PSI)
		Paolo Baratta (ad interim)	19 April 1994 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of Health	Mariapia Garavaglia	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy	Nicola Savino (PSI) Publio Fiori (DC)
	Minister of Foreign Trade	Paolo Baratta	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of Transport and Navigation	Raffaele Costa	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Italian Liberal Party	Giorgio Carta (PSDI) Michele Sellitti (PSI)
	Minister of Labour and Social Security	Gino Giugni	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Italian Socialist Party	Luciano Azzolini (DC) Sandro Principe (PSI)
	Minister of Tourism and Entertainment	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (ad interim)	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of Cultural and Environmental Heritage	Alberto Ronchey	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of the Environment	Francesco Rutelli	29 April 1993 – 4 May 1993		Federation of the Greens	Roberto Formigoni (DC)
		Valdo Spini	4 May 1993 – 11 May 1994		Italian Socialist Party
	Minister of University and Scientific and Technological Research	Luigi Berlinguer	29 April 1993 – 4 May 1993		Democratic Party of the Left	Silvia Costa (DC)
		Umberto Colombo	4 May 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister of Public Function (without portfolio)	Sabino Cassese	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister for the Coordination of Community Policies (without portfolio)	Valdo Spini	29 April 1993 – 4 May 1993		Italian Socialist Party
		Livio Paladin	4 May 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister for Social Affairs (without portfolio)	Fernanda Contri	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Italian Socialist Party
	Minister for Parliamentary Relations (without portfolio)	Augusto Barbera	29 April 1993 – 4 May 1993		Democratic Party of the Left
		Paolo Barile	4 May 1993 – 11 May 1994		Independent
	Minister for Electoral and Institutional Reforms (without portfolio)	Leopoldo Elia	29 April 1993 – 11 May 1994		Christian Democracy

1. Secretary of the Council of Ministers
2. Delegated to the Civil Protection