Coccosteidae

Coccosteidae is a family of arthrodire placoderms from the Early to Late Devonian. Fossils appear in various strata in Europe, North America and China.

Coccosteidae Temporal range: Late Emsian-Late Devonian, 393.3–358.9 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Artist's reconstruction of Coccosteus cuspidatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	†Placodermi
Order:	†Arthrodira
Suborder:	†Brachythoraci
Clade:	†Eubrachythoraci
Clade:	†Coccosteomorphi
Superfamily:	†Coccosteoidea
Family:	†Coccosteidae Traquir, 1888
Genera
Belgiosteus Clarkosteus Coccosteus Dickosteus Jiuchengia Livosteus Millerosteus Protitanichthys Trachosteus Watsonosteus Woodwardosteus

Phylogeny

Coccosteidae belongs to the larger clade Coccosteomorphi, which together with its sister clade Pachyosteomorphi forms the group Eubrachythoraci. The phylogeny of Coccosteidae can be shown in the cladogram below:^[1]

Eubrachythoraci

Coccosteomorphi Coccosteoidea Coccosteidae Millerosteus minor Coccosteus cuspidatus Dickosteus threiplandi Watsonosteus fletti Protitanichthys rockportensis Panxiosteidae Plourdosteus canadensis Panxiosteus ocullus Janiosteus timanicus Incisoscutoidea Harrytoombsia elegans Torosteus tuberculatus Torosteus pulchellus Mcnamaraspis kaprios Compagopiscis croucheri Trematosteus fontanellus Camuropiscidae Incisoscutum ritchiei Incisoscutum sarahae Rolfosteus canningensis Tubonasus lennardensis Fallacosteus turneri Camuropiscis laidlawi Latocamurus coulthardi Pachyosteomorphi Rhachiosteus pterygiatus Dunkleosteoidea Eastmanosteus calliaspis Eastmanosteus pustulosus Kiangyousteus yohii Golshanichthys asiatica Westralichthys uwagedensis Dunkleosteus raveri Dunkleosteus terrelli Dunkleosteus amblyodoratus Heterostiidae Heterosteus ingens Yinosteus major Aspinothoracidi Tapinosteus heintzi Bullerichthys fascidens Kendrickichthys cavernosus Bruntonichthys multidens Dinichthys herzeri Hadrosteus rapax Gorgonichthys clarki Selenosteidae Heintzichthys gouldii Pachyosteus bulla Gymnotrachelus hydei Stenosteus angustopectus Brachyosteus dietrichi Melanosteus occitanus Rhinosteus parvulus

Genera

Belgiosteus

A genus of very large coccosteids. Species are found in Middle Devonian Belgium and China.

Clarkosteus

Coccosteus

The type genus of the family. Numerous species are found in Middle to Upper Devonian strata throughout Europe and parts of North America.

Dickosteus

Jiuchengia

The earliest known coccosteid from Late Emsian Yunnan province, China. It is distinguished from other coccosteids by having an elongated occipital.

Livosteus

A genus of very large coccosteids known from Middle to Late Devonian strata of Eastern Europe.

Millerosteus

A genus of very small coccosteids known from Middle to Late Devonian strata throughout Europe. Some species are found in the same strata with certain species of Coccosteus.

Protitanichthys

Main article: Protitanichthys

Watsonosteus

Woodwardosteus