Company |
Year founded |
Method |
Fuel |
Notes |
Avalanche Energy |
2018 |
Hybrid: colliding beam, electrostatic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[3] |
Blue Laser Fusion |
2022 |
Inertial confinement |
proton–boron |
[4] |
Commonwealth Fusion Systems |
2018 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[5] |
Compact Fusion Systems, Inc. |
2018 |
|
|
[citation needed] |
Crossfield Fusion Ltd |
2019 |
Closed orbit, velocity resonant systems |
|
Reactor development canceled 2021.[6][7] |
CTFusion Inc |
2015 |
|
|
Ceased trading in 2023.[8] |
Deutelio |
2022 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–deuterium |
[7] |
Electric Fusion Systems, Inc. |
2020 |
Rydberg matter fuel-based fusion |
proton–lithium7 |
[9] |
EMC2 Fusion |
1985 |
Polywell |
|
[10][11] |
Energy Singularity Fusion Power Technology |
2021 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[12] |
ENN Energy |
2018 |
Magnetic confinement |
proton–boron |
[13][5] |
EX-Fusion |
2021 |
Inertial confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[14] |
First Light Fusion |
2011 |
Inertial confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[15][16][7][17][5] |
Focused Energy |
2021 |
Inertial confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[18][7][17][19] |
Fuse |
2019 |
Magneto-inertial |
deuterium–tritium |
[citation needed] |
Fusion Power Corporation |
2016 |
Heavy ion fusion |
deuterium–tritium |
Dissolved in 2019.[20] |
Gauss Fusion |
2022 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[7] |
General Atomics Fusion Division |
2022 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[21] |
General Fusion |
2002 |
Magneto-inertial |
deuterium–tritium |
[5] |
HB11 Energy |
2017 |
Non-thermal laser fusion |
proton–boron |
[22][23][24] |
Helical Fusion |
2021 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[14] |
HelicitySpace Corporation |
2018 |
Magneto-inertial |
deuterium–deuterium |
For spaceflight uses[25] |
Helion Energy |
2013 |
Magneto-inertial |
deuterium–helium3 |
[26] |
Horne Technologies |
2008 |
Hybrid confinement: magnetic, electrostatic |
deuterium–deuterium, proton–boron |
[27][better source needed] |
HyperJet Fusion |
|
|
|
[5] |
Kyoto Fusioneering |
2019 |
|
deuterium–tritium |
[14][28] |
LaserFusionX |
2022 |
Inertial confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[19] |
Lockheed Martin |
2010 |
|
|
[29][5] |
Longview Fusion Energy Systems |
2021 |
Inertial confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[17][19] |
LPP Fusion, Inc.[citation needed] |
2003 |
Magnetic confinement pinch |
proton–boron |
Also known as "Lawrenceville Plasma Physics"; see Eric J. Lerner article |
Magneto Inertial Fusion Technology Inc. (MIFTI) |
2009 |
Magneto-inertial |
deuterium–tritium |
Division of US Nuclear Corp[30] |
Marvel Fusion |
2019 |
Inertial confinement |
proton–boron |
[7][19] |
Norront Fusion Energy |
2017 |
Muon-catalyzed fusion |
|
[31] |
NT-Tao |
2019 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[32] |
NearStar Fusion |
2021 |
Magneto-inertial |
deuterium–tritium, deuterium–deuterium, proton–boron |
[33][34] |
NK Labs, LLC |
2008 |
Muon-catalyzed fusion |
deuterium–tritium |
[35] |
Novatron Fusion Group AB |
2019 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[36][37][38] |
Openstar Technologies |
2021 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–deuterium (tritium suppressed) |
[citation needed] |
Princeton Fusion Systems |
1992 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–helium3 |
[39][5] |
Proxima Fusion |
2023 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[7] |
Realta Fusion |
2022 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[40][41] |
Renaissance Fusion |
2021 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[7] |
Stellarex, Inc |
2022 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[28] |
SHINE Technologies |
2005 |
Magneto-electrostatic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
SHINE's focus is radioisotope production, not energy.[42][43] |
TAE Technologies |
1998 |
Magnetic confinement |
proton–boron |
formerly Tri Alpha Energy[5] |
Thea Energy (formerly Princeton Stellarators) |
2022 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[28] |
Tokamak Energy |
2009 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[28] |
Type One Energy Group |
2019 |
Magnetic confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[41] |
Ultrafusion Nuclear Power |
|
|
|
Merged with Norront Fusion AS in 2018.[31] |
Xcimer Energy Inc. |
2022 |
Inertial confinement |
deuterium–tritium |
[17] |
Zap Energy |
2017 |
Magnetic confinement pinch |
deuterium–tritium |
[26] |