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Gamelan degung

Indonesian traditional musical instruments From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gamelan degung
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Gamelan degung is a form of Sundanese musical ensemble that uses a subset of modified gamelan instruments with a particular mode of degung scale. The instruments are manufactured under local conditions in towns in West Java such as Bogor and Bandung.[1] Degung music is often played at public gatherings in West Java, such as at local elections, as well as many other events.[2] There is international interest in degung as well among communities in other countries interested in Indonesian and gamelan music.[3]

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Gamelan degung also playable in madenda scale, which is included in the set as a complementary tone, usually marked as a -3/ni tone in the set. Playing gamelan degung in this scale requires the substitution of the 3/na metal bars into -3/ni tones on all instruments.

Gamelan tuning use its da/1 note as the reference. The tuning of a degung set should match with common suling tunings. A suling usually sold based on the length of the tube, such as 56 cm, 54 cm, etc. Shorter tube has higher base note. A 56 cm suling corresponds with da/1≈G.

degung and madenda scale comparison
Degung 5 4 3 2 1
Madenda 5 4 -3 2 1
reading la ti na ni mi da
surupan 56 B C D E F# G
surupan 54 A# B C# D# E# F#
surupan 52 A Bb C D E F
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Instruments

The instrumentation of gamelan degung is quite flexible. It may include:

  • bonang/kolènang: two rows of seven small bulbous gongs. It differs from its Javanese counterpart in that the rows are each placed on either side of the player.
  • saron/peking: a high-pitched bronze metallophone with fourteen keys. Usually, there are two sarons in a single set.
  • panerus: another bronze metallophone, similar to the peking but pitched an octave lower.
  • jengglong: six bulbous gongs suspended from the same frame. Could be played like bonang, or hanged.
  • goong ageung: a large gong.
  • pancer: a smaller gong, secondary gong.
  • A set of kendang, consisting of one large (kendang indung) and two small double-sided drums (kulantér).
  • suling degung: a four-holed bamboo flute.
  • suling kawih: a six-holed bamboo flute, interchangeably used with suling degung
  • gambang: a wooden xylophone.
  • kacapi: a zither.

In classical degung, the bonang serves as a conductor for the whole ensemble. Except in certain modern compositions, it is rarely absent.

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See also

References

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