Dexchlorpheniramine

Dexchlorpheniramine (trade name Polaramine) is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria.^[1][2] It is the pharmacologically active dextrorotatory isomer of chlorpheniramine.

Dexchlorpheniramine

Clinical data
Trade names	Chlor-trimeton, Polaramine
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682543
Routes of administration	Oral, Intravenous
ATC code	R06AB02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S3 (Pharmacist only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	21 to 27 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name (3S)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridin-3-ylpropan-1-amine
CAS Number	25523-97-1 Y
PubChem CID	33036
IUPHAR/BPS	1210
DrugBank	DB13679 Y
ChemSpider	30576 Y
UNII	3Q9Q0B929N
KEGG	D07803 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:4464 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1201353 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50180225
ECHA InfoCard	100.042.779
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H19ClN2
Molar mass	274.79 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES Clc1ccc(cc1)[C@@H](c2ncccc2)CCN(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C16H19ClN2/c1-19(2)12-10-15(16-5-3-4-11-18-16)13-6-8-14(17)9-7-13/h3-9,11,15H,10,12H2,1-2H3/t15-/m0/s1 Y Key:SOYKEARSMXGVTM-HNNXBMFYSA-N Y
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It came into medical use in 1959 and was patented in 1962.^[3]

Pharmacology

Dexchlorpheniramine is an antihistamine, or an antagonist of the histamine H₁ receptor. A study found that dexchlorpheniramine had a K_i value of 20 to 30 μM for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors using rat brain tissue.^[4]