Dinitrobenzene

Dinitrobenzenes are nitrobenzenes composed of a benzene ring and two nitro group (-NO₂) substituents. The three possible arrangements of the nitro groups afford three isomers, 1,2-dinitrobenzene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, and 1,4-dinitrobenzene. Each isomer has the chemical formula C₆H₄N₂O₄ and a molar mass of about 168.11 g/mol. 1,3-Dinitrobenzene is the most common isomer and it is used in the manufacture of explosives.

Properties

The dinitrobenzenes are all crystalline solids. The boiling points of the three isomers are relatively close; however, the melting points significantly differ. 1,4-Dinitrobenzene, which has the highest symmetry, has the highest melting point.

Dinitrobenzenes
IUPAC name	1,2-Dinitrobenzene	1,3-Dinitrobenzene	1,4-Dinitrobenzene
Other names	o-Dinitrobenzene	m-Dinitrobenzene	p-Dinitrobenzene
Chemical structure
CAS number	528-29-0	99-65-0	100-25-4
	25154-54-5 (Unspecified isomers)[1]
PubChem	CID 10707 from PubChem	CID 7452 from PubChem	CID 7492 from PubChem
Chemical formula	C6H4N2O4
Molar mass	168.11 g/mol
Magnetic Susceptibility	-65.98·10−6 cm3/mol	-70.53·10−6 cm3/mol	-68.30·10−6 cm3/mol
Physical state	solid
Appearance	white solid	yellowish solid	pale yellow solid[2]
Melting point	118 °C[3]	89.6 °C[4]	174 °C[5]
Boiling point	318 °C[3]	297 °C[4]	299 °C[6]
Density	1.565 g/cm3 (17 °C)[6]	1.575 g/cm3 (18 °C)[6]	1.625 g/cm3 (18 °C)[6]
Vapor pressure	0.08 Pa (30 °C)[7]		0.07 Pa (30 °C)[7]
	0.34 Pa (50 °C)[7]		0.23 Pa (50 °C)[7]
Solubility	Insoluble in water
GHS hazards[8]
H phrases	H300, H310, H330, H373, H410
P phrases	P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501