Drauzio Varella

Antônio Drauzio Varella (Portuguese: [ˈdɾawzju vaˈɾɛlɐ]; born May 3, 1943, in São Paulo, Brazil) is a Brazilian physician, scientist, writer, and medical science communicator.^[1][2] Varella has often commented publicly on issues such as prison conditions, social welfare, government, literature, medicine, and skepticism, and has frequently debunked pseudoscientific medical claims.^[3][4][5]

Drauzio Varella
Born	Antônio Drauzio Varella (1943-05-03) May 3, 1943 (age 82) São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Education	University of São Paulo
Occupation(s)	Physician, writer, science communicator
Years active	1970–present
Known for	Literary and popular science writing
Medical career
Field	Oncology, immunology
Institutions	Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual
Research	Cancer and AIDS
Notable works	Estação Carandiru
Awards	Prêmio Jabuti (2000)
Website	drauziovarella.uol.com.br

Varella was born in the Brás district of São Paulo to a family of Portuguese and Spanish descent and studied medicine at the University of São Paulo.^[6][7] While an undergraduate, he co-founded preparatory course Sistema Objetivo, where he taught chemistry for several years. The institution was later expanded into Universidade Paulista^[8] Varella received the 2000 Prêmio Jabuti for his book Estação Carandiru.^[9][10]

Career

After his 1967 graduation, Varella specialized in infectious disease, studying under Vicente Amato Neto at the University of São Paulo and at the Hospital do Servidor Público de São Paulo. This work led him to develop an interest in immunology. Varella interned at MD Anderson in 1978,^[11] and has worked at Hospital do Câncer, specializing in oncology.^[1]

He is a professor at Universidade Paulista and has taught at other institutions in Brazil and abroad, such as the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,^[12] Cleveland Clinic,^[12][1] Karolinska Institute,^[12] Hiroshima University^[12] and the National Cancer Center of Japan.^[12] Varella has often studied AIDS, specifically the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma.^[12]

Varella has had an active role in prevention and educational campaigns about AIDS, and was the first one to host a radio program on the subject. From 1989 to 2001, he worked as an unpaid volunteer physician in Carandiru Penitentiary, working to alleviate an AIDS epidemic among inmates.^[13][12] He wrote the best-seller book Estação Carandiru chronicling this experience; it was later adapted into the film Carandiru, by Hector Babenco. The book has been described as a quasi-ethnographical study of the prison.^[14]

As the chairman of a cancer research institute at Universidade Paulista, Varella has headed a research program on the utility of medicinal plants native to the Amazon rainforest in the treatment neoplasm and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.^[15][16] This research is supported by the São Paulo Research Support Foundation.^[17]

Writing

Varella is active in furthering the public understanding of science, particularly regarding medical topics. He has been a columnist for Brazilian newspapers such as Folha de S. Paulo^[18] and Zero Hora^[19] and was invited by the Globo TV Network to host a series of programs on the human body, the brain, first aid, smoking,^[20]pregnancy, obesity and others, which were exhibited at the Fantástico show on Sundays.^[17] He is also the producer and host of a TV talk show on medicine and health, which is broadcast on several TV channels.

For his work as a writer, Varella received several prizes and awards, among them the Prêmio Jabuti from the Brazilian Book Chamber,^[10] the International Book Fair of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, and The International Book Biennal of Rio de Janeiro (2001).

He has also written fiction for adults^[21] and children and has often been a vocal supporter of scientific skepticism.^[22][23]

Controversy

In 2020, Varella was criticized after being featured in a documentary aired on Fantástico which reporting on the life of trans women incarcerated in male prisons, in which he hugged an inmate who been convicted for the rape and murder of a 9-year-old child. He later apologized, stating that he did not know what crime she had committed, and that he avoids learning this information to prevent bias when treating patients.^[24]

Personal life

Varella has been married to actress Regina Braga since 1981, and has fathered two daughters.^[1] He is an atheist.^{[25][26][27][28]}

Works

• Carcereiros (2012)
• Prisioneiras
• AIDS Hoje. In 3 volumes, in collaboration with Antonio Fernando Varella and Narciso Escaleira.
• Estação Carandiru (1999), Companhia das Letras.
• Macacos, Publifolha ("Folha Explica" series)
• Nas ruas do Brás. Companhia das Letrinhas (children's book)
• De braços para o alto. Companhia das Letrinhas (children's book)
• Florestas do Rio Negro. With Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira and Douglas C. Daly
• Maré - Vida na Favela
• Casa das Palavras, with Paola Berenstein, Ivaldo Bertazzo and Pedro Seiblitz (images).
• Por um fio. Companhia das Letras, 2004.