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Ballot exhaustion

Wasted vote under instant-runoff voting From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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In the alternative vote, ballot exhaustion occurs when a voter's ballot can no longer be counted, because all candidates on that ballot have been eliminated from an election.

Contributors to ballot exhaustion include:

  1. Voter exhaustion (i.e. time or effort constraints),[1][2]
  2. Protest votes intended to oppose all unranked candidates,[3][4]
  3. Strategic truncation,
  4. Jurisdictions that impose limits on how many preferences voters can express,[4][5]
  5. The elimination of popular candidates who have many 2nd, 3rd, etc. preferences in the early stages of a vote.

This may occur because the voter chooses not to fill out a complete preference ranking,[6] or because the ballot format itself limits the number of preferences that may be expressed.[7][8] This results in "exhausted" or "inactive" ballots.[9] For example, in Minneapolis, the city limits voters to 3 rankings of candidates on ballots for city elections.[10]

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