Far Eastern Federal District

This article is about the administrative subdivision. For the geographical region, see Russian Far East.

The Far Eastern Federal District (Russian: Дальневосточный федеральный округ, IPA: [dəlʲnʲɪvɐˈstot͡ɕnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is the largest and the least populated federal district of Russia, with a population of around 7.9 million and an area of 6,952,555 square kilometres (2,684,396 square miles). The federal district within the North Asia as per the UN geoscheme and it is coextensive with the Russian Far East.

Far Eastern Federal District Дальневосточный федеральный округ
Federal district
Location of the Far Eastern Federal District
Country	Russia
Established	13 May 2000
Administrative center	Vladivostok
Government
• Presidential Envoy	Yury Trutnev
Area [1]
• Total	6,952,555 km2 (2,684,396 sq mi)
• Rank	1st of 8 (40.6% of the country)
Population  (2021[2])
• Total	7,975,762
• Rank	8th of 8 (5.6% of the country)
• Density	1.1/km2 (3.0/sq mi)
• Urban	73.6%
• Rural	26.4%
GDP [3]
• Total	₽8.656 trillion US$124 billion (2022)
• Per capita	₽1,090,778 US$15,606 (2022)
Time zones
Buryatia	UTC+08:00 (Irkutsk Time)
Amur Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai and most of the Sakha Republic (excluding districts in UTC+10:00 and UTC+11:00 time zones)	UTC+09:00 (Yakutsk Time)
Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, and the Oymyakonsky, Ust-Yansky and Verkhoyansky districts of the Sakha Republic	UTC+10:00 (Vladivostok Time)
Magadan Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, and the Abyysky, Allaikhovsky, Momsky, Nizhnekolymsky, Srednekolymsky and Verkhnekolymsky districts of the Sakha Republic	UTC+11:00 (Magadan Time)
Chukotka and Kamchatka Krai	UTC+12:00 (Kamchatka Time)
Federal subjects	11 contained
Economic regions	1 contained
HDI (2022)	0.769[4] high · 5th
Website	DFO.gov.ru

Far Eastern Federal District

Far Eastern Federal District in Russia

Bikin National Park, Primorsky Krai

History

See also: History of the Russian Far East

The Far Eastern Federal District was established on 13 May 2000 by President Vladimir Putin.^[5] It is currently governed by presidential envoy Yury Trutnev. In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were added to the federal district.^[6] The seat of the Far Eastern Federal District was moved from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in December 2018.^[7]

On 15 July 2022, the first high-speed highway was opened in the Far Eastern Federal District. It united three federal highways – Ussuri (Khabarovsk–Vladivostok), Amur (Chita–Khabarovsk) and Vostok (Khabarovsk–Nakhodka), and connect the regional capital with Komsomolsk-on-Amur, as well as sites of the territory of the advancing socio-economic development (SAD).^[8]

Demographics

Population pyramid as of the 2021 Russian Census

Federal subjects

#	Flag	Coat of arms	Federal subject	Area in km2[1]	Population (2021 census)	GDP[9]	Capital/Administrative center	Map of Administrative Division
1			Amur Oblast	361,900	766,912	₽531 billion	Blagoveshchensk
2			Republic of Buryatia	351,300	978,588	₽342 billion	Ulan-Ude
3			Jewish Autonomous Oblast	36,300	150,453	₽79 billion	Birobidzhan
4			Zabaykalsky Krai	431,900	1,004,125	₽487 billion	Chita
5			Kamchatka Krai	464,300	291,705	₽338 billion	Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
6			Magadan Oblast	462,500	136,085	₽315 billion	Magadan
7			Primorsky Krai	164,700	1,845,165	₽1,309 billion	Vladivostok
8			Sakha Republic	3,083,500	995,686	₽1,616 billion	Yakutsk
9			Sakhalin Oblast	87,100	466,609	₽1,234 billion	Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
10			Khabarovsk Krai	787,600	1,292,944	₽987 billion	Khabarovsk
11			Chukotka Autonomous Okrug	721,500	47,490	₽136 billion	Anadyr

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1959	6,543,859	—
1970	7,737,678	+18.2%
1979	8,946,829	+15.6%
1989	10,359,773	+15.8%
2002	8,829,449	−14.8%
2010	8,372,257	−5.2%
2021	7,975,762	−4.7%
Source: Census data

Lake Pekulney, Chukotka

Largest cities with a population over 75,000

There are 82 cities in the Far Eastern Federal District, and 13 cities have populations over 75,000.

Only four of these 13 cities (Komsomolsk-on-Amur (7th) in Khabarovsk Krai, Ussuriysk (9th), Nakhodka (11th), Artyom (12th) in Primorsky Krai) are not administrative centres of a federal subject. Anadyr, the centre of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, is one of the smallest centres of a federal subject (it has only 13,045 inhabitants). Only Magas, the centre of Ingushetia, is smaller than Anadyr.

Artyom is a large suburb of the Vladivostok metropolitan area.^[10]

Populations are given as of the 2021 census:

1. Khabarovsk: 617,441
2. Vladivostok: 603,519
3. Ulan-Ude: 437,565
4. Yakutsk: 355,443
5. Chita: 334,427
6. Blagoveshchensk: 241,437
7. Komsomolsk-on-Amur: 238,505
8. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: 181,587
9. Ussuriysk: 180,393
10. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: 164,900
11. Nakhodka: 139,931
12. Artyom: 109,556
13. Magadan: 90,757

Religion

Religion in the Far Eastern Federal District as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)[11][12]
Russian Orthodoxy			27.4%
Other Orthodox			1.4%
Other Christians			5.0%
Buddhism			3.3%
Islam			0.7%
Native faiths			2.2%
Spiritual but not religious			27.0%
Atheism and irreligion			23.5%
Other and undeclared			9.5%

According to a 2012 survey^[11] 27.4% of the population of the current federal subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (including Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai) adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 5.0% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1.4% is an Orthodox believer without belonging to any church or adheres to other (non-Russian) Orthodox churches, 3.3% is an adherent of Buddhism, 0.7% is an adherent of Islam, and 2.2% adhere to some native faith such as Rodnovery, Tengrism, Yellow shamanism, or Black shamanism. In addition, 27.0% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 23.5% is atheist, and 9.5% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.^[11]

Ethnicity

Ethnic map of the Far Eastern Federal District by urban and rural settlements, 2010 census. This map was from before Zabaykalsky Krai and Buryatia were added to the region.

The ethnic composition, according to the 2021 census (after the integration of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai in 2018) was:

• Total – 6,979,578 people
• Russians – 5,674,671 (81.30%)
• Yakuts – 472,116 (6.76%)
• Buryats – 371,677 (5.33%)
• Ukrainians – 47,560 (0.68%)
• Evenki – 33,760 (0.48%)
• Koreans – 29,855 (0.43%)
• Tatars – 24,605 (0.35%)
• Uzbeks – 23,477 (0.34%)
• Armenians – 20,185 (0.29%)
• Kyrgyz – 19,659 (0.28%)
• Evens (Lamuts) – 19,561 (0.28%)
• Tajiks – 17,812 (0.26%)
• Chukchi – 15,686 (0.22%)
• Azerbaijanis – 13,011 (0.19%)
• Nanai – 11,424 (0.16%)
• Chinese – 8,396 (0.12%)
• Belarusians – 7,944 (0.11%)
• Koryaks – 7,292 (0.10%)
• Kazakhs – 4,614 (0.07%)
• Bashkirs – 4,391 (0.06%)
• Nivkh – 3,758 (0.05%)
• Germans – 3,564 (0.05%)
• Chuvash – 2,906 (0.04%)
• Moldovans – 2,851 (0.04%)
• Mordva – 2,675 (0.04%)
• Jews – 2,529 (0.04%)
• Ulchi – 2,431 (0.03%)
• Yukaghir – 1,747 (0.03%)
• Itelmens – 1,486 (0.02%)
• Mari – 1,230 (0.02%)
• Individuals who did not indicate nationality – 996,184 (12.49%)

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys

№	Name (envoy)	Photo	Term of office			Appointed by
			Start of term	End of term	Length of service
1	Konstantin Pulikovsky		18 May 2000	14 November 2005	5 years, 180 days (2,006 days)	Vladimir Putin
2	Kamil Iskhakov		14 November 2005	2 October 2007	1 year, 322 days (687 days)
3	Oleg Safonov		30 November 2007	30 April 2009	1 year, 151 days (517 days)
4	Viktor Ishayev		30 April 2009	30 August 2013	4 years, 122 days (1,583 days)	Dmitry Medvedev
5	Yury Trutnev		31 August 2013	present	11 years, 256 days (4,274 days)	Vladimir Putin

See also

• Far North (Russia)
• Far Eastern economic region
• Eastern Military District
• Far Eastern Republic
• Manchuria (Northeast China)
• Russian Manchuria
• History of Primorye