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Muscle of the soft palate From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The palatoglossal muscle is a muscle of the soft palate and an extrinsic muscle of the tongue. Its surface is covered by oral mucosa and forms the visible palatoglossal arch.
Palatoglossus muscle | |
---|---|
Details | |
Origin | Palatine aponeurosis |
Insertion | Tongue |
Nerve | Vagus nerve (via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus) |
Actions | Raising the back part of the tongue |
Identifiers | |
Latin | musculus palatoglossus |
TA98 | A05.1.04.110 |
TA2 | 2131 |
FMA | 46697 |
Anatomical terms of muscle |
From its origin, it passes anteroinferiorly and laterally. It passes anterior to the palatine tonsil.[1]
The palatoglossus arises (the oral aspect of) the palatine aponeurosis of the soft palate, where it is continuous with its contralateral partner (i.e. the same muscle of the opposite side).[1]
It inserts onto the side of the tongue; some of its fibers extend over the dorsum of the tongue, and some pass into the substance of the tongue to intermingle with the transverse muscle of tongue.[1]
The palatoglossus muscle receives motor innervation from the pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve.[1]
It is the only muscle of the tongue not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).[1]
Some sources state that the palatoglossus is innervated by fibers from the cranial part of the accessory nerve (CN XI) that travel via the pharyngeal plexus.[2]
Other sources state that the palatoglossus is not innervated by XI hitchhiking on X, but rather it is innervated by IX via the pharyngeal plexus formed from IX and X.[3]
The palatoglossus elevates the root of the tongue (i.e. the posterior attached portion of the tongue[citation needed]). It approximates the ipsilateral (same side) palatoglossal arch to the contralateral (opposite side) one, thus separating the oral cavity and the oropharynx.[1]
It closes the oropharyngeal isthmus, and aids initiation of swallowing. This muscle also prevents the spill of saliva from vestibule into the oropharynx by maintaining the palatoglossal arch.
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