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Ram (album)
1971 studio album by Paul and Linda McCartney From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Ram (also stylised in all caps) is the only studio album credited to the spousal music duo Paul and Linda McCartney, and the former's second album after leaving the Beatles. Released on 17 May 1971 by Apple Records, it was recorded in New York with guitarists David Spinozza and Hugh McCracken, and future Wings drummer Denny Seiwell. Three singles were issued from the album: "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" (McCartney's first number 1 hit in America without the Beatles), "The Back Seat of My Car" and "Eat at Home". The recording sessions also yielded the non-album single "Another Day".
The album's release coincided with a period of acrimony between McCartney and the other former Beatles, and followed his legal action in the United Kingdom's High Court to dissolve the Beatles partnership. John Lennon perceived slights in the lyrics to songs such as "Too Many People", to which he responded with his song "How Do You Sleep?". McCartney felt he had addressed the criticism he received for his 1970 solo debut, McCartney, but Ram elicited a similarly unfavourable reaction from music journalists. It nonetheless topped the national album charts in the UK, the Netherlands and Canada. Today, Ram is held in high regard by many music critics and is often ranked as one of McCartney's best albums.
In 1971, McCartney produced Thrillington, an instrumental interpretation of Ram released in 1977 under the pseudonym Percy 'Thrills' Thrillington. In 2012, an expanded edition of Ram was reissued (Thrillington included) with over two dozen bonus tracks as part of the Paul McCartney Archive Collection. In 2023, Ram was ranked number 450 on Rolling Stone's list of the greatest albums of all time.[3]
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Background
McCartney and his family flew to New York City in October 1970 to begin working on the follow-up to McCartney.[4] While the previous album had featured him playing every instrument, for Ram, McCartney decided to hold auditions for musicians,[5] some of whom were brought in under the guise of recording a commercial jingle.[6][7] Auditions were held in an attic on 45th Street for three days,[8] where David Spinozza was recruited as guitarist by Linda,[5] before auditions moved to a Bronx basement,[8] where Denny Seiwell was brought in to play drums.[nb 1][5] McCartney once said he found Seiwell "lying on a mattress" in the basement.[9] Midway through these sessions, Spinozza became unavailable and was replaced by Hugh McCracken.[5]
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Songs and production
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The basic tracks for the album were taped at Columbia's Studio B from 12 October to 19 November 1970, with additional vocal sessions on 6–11 December at Columbia's Studio D,[10] before the McCartneys returned to their Scottish farm for the Christmas holidays.[11] Work continued at A&R Recording Studios, New York,[12] from the second week of January 1971 to February.[7] Playing guitar or piano and singing at the same time, Paul chose to overdub his bass later.[5] Although it was a collaborative project, Linda's vocal duties were mostly limited to singing harmonies[5] and backing Paul, who sang almost all the lead parts. Linda sang co-lead on "Long Haired Lady".[nb 2] The McCartneys' daughter Heather, whom Paul had adopted the previous year, sang backing vocals on "Monkberry Moon Delight".[8]
"Ram On", from the album's first side, is reprised on the second side,[nb 3] before the album's final track, "The Back Seat of My Car".[nb 4][14] McCartney brought in a group of New York-based freelancers, including past and present members[16] of the New York Philharmonic, to play on "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey", "Long Haired Lady" and "The Back Seat of My Car",[5][8] as well as the McCartneys' song "Another Day", with arrangements by George Martin.[17] "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" is in a similar vein to the Abbey Road medley, consisting of several unfinished songs combined into one.[18][19] Videos were made for "3 Legs" and "Heart of the Country" from footage filmed at High Park, Campbeltown on 5–6 June 1971[20] and edited by Roy Benson.
The project moved to Sound Recording in Los Angeles, where many of the backing vocals were recorded.[21] Producer Jim Guercio cancelled his honeymoon to oversee the project, but McCartney did not follow his direction, and progress stalled. McCartney was unable to choose which of the 20+ recorded songs would be cut from the album. Guercio left the project to honour a previous booking,[22] and Norwegian engineer Eirik Wangberg replaced him, finishing the album over six weeks.[5][21] McCartney gave Wangberg free rein to mix the songs as he saw fit and sequence them for the album any way he chose.[23] Among Wangberg's creative decisions was to stitch two songs together to make "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" and to introduce thunder sound effects to that song; the thunder was taken from a monaural film clip Wangberg recorded onto two tracks with small differences to make artificial stereo.[21] Paul and Linda were very happy with the final mix.[23]
The recording project also yielded the independent single "Another Day" and its B-side, "Oh Woman, Oh Why", released in February 1971.[24] Session songs dropped from the album sequence included[25] "Little Woman Love" and tracks later featured on Wings' 1973 album Red Rose Speedway: "Get on the Right Thing", "Little Lamb Dragonfly"[nb 5][26] and "Big Barn Bed".[24] "I Lie Around", issued as the B-side to Wings' 1973 single "Live and Let Die", was taped during these sessions.[27] Also recorded was the first incarnation of "Seaside Woman".[8] McCartney also recorded "Hey Diddle", "A Love for You", "Great Cock and Seagull Race", "Now Hear This Song of Mine", "Rode All Night", "Sunshine Sometimes" and "When the Wind Is Blowing".[28]
References to the Beatles and others
According to Peter Brown, the Beatles' former business associate, John Lennon believed that several of the songs on Ram contained personal jibes at him and Yoko Ono, among them "Dear Boy" and particularly "Too Many People".[29][30] McCartney later conceded that some of the lyrics of "Too Many People" had been "a little dig at John and Yoko", with "preaching practices" and "you took your lucky break and broke it in two" being direct references to Lennon. But he said "Dear Boy" was directed at Linda's ex-husband, not Lennon.[14][31][nb 6] Brown also said the picture of two beetles copulating on the back cover symbolized how McCartney felt the other Beatles were treating him.[29][30][nb 7] George Harrison and Ringo Starr reportedly interpreted the track "3 Legs" as an attack on them and Lennon.[9]
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Release
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"Another Day" / "Oh Woman, Oh Why" was released that February and became a worldwide Top 5 hit.[33] In May, Ram was unveiled,[5] on the 17th in the US and on the 21st in the UK.[8] "The Back Seat of My Car" was excerpted as a UK single[nb 8] in August, reaching number 39,[34] but the US release[nb 9] of the ambitious "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" proved much more successful, giving McCartney his first number 1 single since leaving the Beatles.[18][33][35] The album reached number 1 in the UK and number 2 in the US,[36][37] where it spent over five months in the Top 10 and went platinum. Despite the phasing-out of monaural albums by the late 1960s, Ram was pressed in mono with unique mixes that differ from the common stereo version. These were made available only to radio stations and are among the most valuable and sought-after of McCartney's solo records.[7][38] The album has sold over 3 million copies.[12]
In July, Northern Songs and Maclen Music sued Paul and Linda McCartney for violating an exclusive rights agreement by collaborating on "Another Day".[39] Although six of the 11 songs on Ram were co-written by Linda, both parties agreed the issue of royalties for the album could be decided later.[40] In June 1972, Associated Television (ATV), which then owned Northern Songs, announced, "all differences between them have been amicably settled" and the McCartneys signed a new seven-year co-publishing contract between ATV and McCartney Music.[41]
Critical reception
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Upon its release, Ram was panned by music critics. McCartney was particularly hurt by the harsh reviews − especially as he had attempted to address the points raised in criticism of his earlier album, McCartney, by taking a more professional approach.[42] In his review for Rolling Stone, Jon Landau called Ram "incredibly inconsequential" and "monumentally irrelevant", and criticised its lack of intensity and energy. He added that it exposes McCartney as having "benefited immensely from collaboration" with the Beatles, particularly Lennon, who "held the reins in on McCartney's cutsie-pie, florid attempts at pure rock muzak" and kept him from "going off the deep end that leads to an album as emotionally vacuous as Ram".[43] Playboy accused McCartney of "substituting facility for any real substance", and compared it to "watching someone juggle five guitars: It's fairly impressive, but you keep wondering why he bothers."[44] In NME, Alan Smith called it "an excursion into almost unrelieved tedium" and "the worst thing Paul McCartney has ever done".[45] Robert Christgau, for The Village Voice, called it "a bad record, a classic form/content mismatch", but Paul Levinson countered in The Village Voice that the mismatch was "in the wires and components of Christgau's stereo".[46] Christgau felt that McCartney succumbed to "conspicuous consumption" by overworking himself and obscenely producing a style of music meant to be soft and whimsical.[47] Chris Charlesworth of Melody Maker considered Ram a better record than McCartney, but still found it inferior to the recent releases of Harrison and Lennon. Charlesworth concluded: "A good album by anybody's standards and certainly far better than the majority released by British groups and singers. Trouble is you expect too much from a man like Paul McCartney."[48] Four years later, Roy Carr and Tony Tyler of NME wrote, "it would be naive to have expected the McCartneys to produce anything other than a mediocre record ... Grisly though this was, McCartney was to sink lower before rescuing his credibility late in 1973."[49]
McCartney's fellow ex-Beatles, all of whom were riding high in critical favour with their recent releases, were likewise vocally critical.[50] Lennon said he hated the album, dismissing it as "muzak to my ears" in his song "How Do You Sleep?" Starr told the UK's Melody Maker: "I feel sad about Paul's albums ... I don't think there's one [good] tune on the last one, Ram ... he seems to be going strange."[51] In addition to conducting a war of words in the British music press,[9] "Crippled Inside", another track on Lennon's Imagine, was thought to be directed at McCartney.[9][25] Early editions of Imagine included a postcard of Lennon pulling a pig's ears in a parody of Ram's cover photograph of McCartney holding a ram's horns.[25][30][52]
Retrospect
The 2012 reissue of Ram received an aggregate score of 86 out of 100 from Metacritic, based on twelve reviews – a score the website defines as indicating "universal acclaim".[63] Reviewing this issue, Mojo said that "today it sounds quintessentially McCartney".[57] David Quantick of Uncut felt that, although it is not as "legendary" as publicised, the album is "occasionally brilliant and historically fascinating" as "post-Beatles mish-mash".[62] Steven Hyden, writing for The A.V. Club, said that the "lightweight" style originally panned by critics is "actually (when heard with sympathetic ears) a big part of what makes it so appealing."[64] Q magazine still found Ram "frustratingly uneven".[60] In a retrospective review in 1981, Robert Christgau doubled down on his dislike of the album and panned McCartney's songs in general as pretentious "crotchets ... so lightweight they float away even as Paulie layers them down with caprices."[56]
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Reissues
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In 1977, McCartney supervised the release of an instrumental interpretation of Ram (recorded in June 1971 and arranged by Richard Hewson) with the release of Thrillington under the pseudonym of Percy "Thrills" Thrillington.[65] Thrillington was later released as part of the 2012 super-deluxe release of Ram.[66]
Ram, along with McCartney's Wings over America and Tug of War albums, was issued in the US on compact disc on 18 January 1988.[nb 10][67] In 1993, the album was remastered and reissued on CD as part of The Paul McCartney Collection series with "Another Day" and "Oh Woman, Oh Why" as bonus tracks.[nb 11][17] That same year Digital Compact Classics released an audiophile edition prepared by Steve Hoffman.[nb 12]
On 21 May 2012 (in the UK) and 22 May (in the US), the album was reissued by McCartney's current label, Hear Music, as part of the Paul McCartney Archive Collection.[66][68] This reissue included the mono mix, which had never been issued previously on compact disc, except by bootleggers.[7] The mono version was also released commercially in 2012 as a limited edition LP.[nb 13][66] The 2012 reissue was accompanied by a Record Store Day-exclusive edition of the "Another Day" single.[69]
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Tributes
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In 2009, two tribute albums featuring all of the album's songs were put together:
- Ram On L.A was compiled by the website Aquarium Drunkard and released as a digital download, featuring Los Angeles-based acts.[70][71]
- Tom: A Best Show on WFMU Tribute to Ram was put together by WFMU DJ Tom Scharpling for the New Jersey radio station's annual fundraising marathon as a CD made available exclusively to those who donated to his show. Artists included Aimee Mann, Death Cab for Cutie and Ted Leo, among others.[72]
In 2012, Danish rock singer/songwriter Tim Christensen, American singer/songwriters Mike Viola and Tracy Bonham, and Christensen's solo band the Damn Crystals did a one-off tribute show, performing Ram in full, along with other McCartney post-Beatles songs,[73] at Vega in Copenhagen, in celebration of McCartney's 70th birthday.[74] In 2013, this tribute concert was released as the DVD/CD and DVD/2-LP album Pure McCartney.
In 2021, Denny Seiwell and Fernando Perdomo produced Ram On: The 50th Anniversary Tribute to Paul and Linda McCartney's Ram. The album has over 100 musicians from all over the world creating a new version of Ram and the single tracks "Another Day" and "Oh Woman, Oh Why". The contributors included Seiwell, Spinozza, and Marvin Stamm from the original sessions, along with Davey Johnstone, Will Lee, Joey Santiago of the Pixies, Eric Dover formerly of Jellyfish, and Carnie Wilson. Cherry Red Records released the album on May 17, 2021.
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Track listing
Side one
- "Too Many People" (Paul McCartney) – 4:10
- "3 Legs" (P. McCartney) – 2:44
- "Ram On" (P. McCartney) – 2:26
- "Dear Boy" (P. McCartney, Linda McCartney) – 2:12
- "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" (P. McCartney, L. McCartney) – 4:49
- "Smile Away" (P. McCartney) – 3:51
Side two
- "Heart of the Country" (P. McCartney, L. McCartney) – 2:21
- "Monkberry Moon Delight" (P. McCartney, L. McCartney) – 5:21
- "Eat at Home" (P. McCartney, L. McCartney) – 3:18
- "Long Haired Lady" (P. McCartney, L. McCartney) – 5:54
- "Ram On (Reprise)" (P. McCartney) – 0:52
- "The Back Seat of My Car" (P. McCartney) – 4:26
Additional tracks on the 1993 CD reissue
- "Another Day" (P. McCartney, L. McCartney) – 3:42
- "Oh Woman, Oh Why" (P. McCartney) – 4:35
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Archive Collection reissue
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Ram was reissued in several packages:[66]
- Standard edition[nb 14] (1-CD): the original 12-track album
- Standard edition (digital download): the original 12-track album
- Special edition[nb 15][nb 16] (2-CD): the original 12-track album on the first disc, plus 8 bonus tracks on a second disc
- Deluxe edition box set[nb 17][nb 18] (4-CD/1-DVD): the original 12-track album, the bonus tracks disc, the original album in mono, Thrillington, DVD of films (including the documentary Ramming narrated by Paul and directed by Ben Ib, as well as the original music videos for "Heart of the Country" and "3 Legs"), 112-page book, 5 prints, 8 facsimiles of lyric sheets, photograph book, and a download link to all of the material
- Remastered vinyl[nb 19] (2-LP, with a download link to the material): the same tracks as the Special Edition release
- Remastered mono vinyl[nb 20] (1-LP): a limited edition release of the mono mixes
- Remastered Record Store Day 2012-exclusive vinyl single of "Another Day" b/w "Oh Woman, Oh Why"[75]
- 50th anniversary half-speed remaster vinyl (2021)
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Disc 1 – Ram The original 12-track album. Disc 2 – Bonus audio All songs written by Paul McCartney, except "Another Day", "Little Woman Love", and "Hey Diddle", written with Linda McCartney.
Disc 3 – Ram mono The mono version of the original 12-song album. |
Disc 4 – Thrillington Writing credits correspond to that of the original album.
Disc 5 – DVD
Digital-only bonus tracks (available only on Paulmccartney.com and iTunes)[76]
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Personnel
- Paul McCartney – lead and harmony vocals, acoustic and electric guitars, ukulele on "Ram On", bass, piano, keyboards
- Linda McCartney – harmony and backing vocals; co-lead vocals on "Long Haired Lady"
- David Spinozza – guitar on "3 Legs", "Eat at Home", "The Back Seat of My Car", and "Another Day"
- Hugh McCracken – guitar
- Denny Seiwell – drums
- Heather McCartney – backing vocals on "Monkberry Moon Delight"
- Marvin Stamm – flugelhorn on "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey"
- New York Philharmonic on "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey", "Long Haired Lady", and "The Back Seat of My Car"
Charts
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Weekly charts
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References
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External links
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