Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)

In enzymology, a hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) (EC 1.1.1.34) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NADP⁺ ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H⁺

hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)
HMG-CoA reductase tetramer, Human
Identifiers
EC no.	1.1.1.34
CAS no.	9028-35-7
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / QuickGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (R)-mevalonate, CoA, and NADP⁺, whereas its 3 products are (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA, NADPH, and H⁺.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor. This enzyme participates in biosynthesis of steroids including cholesterol. The statin class of anticholesterol drugs act through inhibiting this enzyme.

Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-mevalonate:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase (CoA-acylating). Other names in common use include:

• hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
• hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH)
• S-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• NADPH-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase
• HMGCoA reductase-mevalonate:NADP-oxidoreductase (acetylating-CoA)
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (NADPH)
• hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH₂).

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1DQ8, 1DQ9, 1DQA, 1HW8, 1HW9, 1HWI, 1HWJ, 1HWK, 1HWL, 2Q1L, 2Q6B, and 2Q6C.