Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu

Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu (1796–1875) was a French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and archbishop of Besançon.

His Eminence Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu
Cardinal, Archbishop of Besançon
Church	Roman Catholic Church
Archdiocese	Besançon
See	Besançon
Appointed	30 September 1834
Term ended	9 July 1875
Predecessor	Louis-Guillaume-Valentin DuBourg
Successor	Pierre-Antoine-Justin Paulinier
Other post(s)	Cardinal-Priest of San Silvestro in Capite (1852-75)
Previous post(s)	Bishop of Langres (1832-34)
Orders
Ordination	1 June 1822
Consecration	20 February 1833 by Hyacinthe-Louis de Quélen
Created cardinal	30 September 1850 by Pope Pius IX
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu 20 January 1796 Paris, French First Republic
Died	9 July 1875(1875-07-09) (aged 79) Besançon, French Third Republic
Coat of arms

Styles of Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu
Reference style	His Eminence
Spoken style	Your Eminence
Informal style	Cardinal
See	Besançon

Life

Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu was born on 20 January 1796 in Paris, where his father was a commission agent in the silk trade. Jacques-Marie's brother became a distinguished captain in the Franch Navy. Jacques-Marie studied law^[1] and worked for a solicitor, managing property for the Montmorency family.

In 1819, Mathieu entered Saint-Sulpice Seminary^[2] and was ordained a priest on 1 June 1822. In 1823, he was appointed secretary to Charles-Louis Salmon de Chatellier, bishop of Evreux, who named him vicar-general and superior of the diocesan seminary. He was made a titular canon of Paris in 1828 and promoter of the Legal Office of the archdiocese of Paris in 1829.^[3]

He was elected bishop of Langres on 17 December 1832. On 10 February 1833 he was consecrated in the Carmelite Church on the Rue de Vaugirard in Paris, by Archbishop Hyacinthe-Louis de Quélen assisted by Bishops Pierre-Marie Cottret and Marie-Joseph de Prilly.^[4]

On 30 September 1834 he assumed the metropolitan see of Besançon, where he remained until his death. On 30 September 1850 Pope Pius IX elevated him to cardinal; in 1852 he became Cardinal-Priest of San Silvestro in Capite.

As a member of the senate he was a zealous defender of the rights of the Church, and, in spite of the interdict of the government, he published the papal encyclical of 8 December 1864.^[1] He participated in the deliberations of Vatican Council I.

He died on 9 July 1875 in Besançon.^[1]

Mathieu is the author of "Devoirs Du Sacerdoce ou Traité de la Dignité, de la Perfection, des Obligations... du Prêtre Catholique",^[5] and an "Office of the Mass and Vespers of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, in Latin and in French..." ( 1874 )^[6]