Kalyan

For other uses, see Kalyan (disambiguation).

Kalyan (Pronunciation: [kəljaːɳ]) is a city on the banks of Ulhas River in Thane district of Maharashtra state in Konkan division. It is governed by Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation. Kalyan is a subdivision (Taluka) of Thane district. Kalyan and its neighbouring township of Dombivli jointly form Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as KDMC. It is a founding city of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region.

Kalyan
City Mumbai Metropolitan Region
Kalyan Location in Maharashtra, India Show map of Maharashtra Kalyan Kalyan (India) Show map of India
Coordinates: 19.24°N 73.13°E / 19.24; 73.13
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
District	Thane
Government
• Type	Municipal Corporation
• Body	Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation
• Mayor	Vinita Rane (Shiv Sena)
• Municipal Commissioner	Dr. Indurani Jakhar
• Deputy Mayor	Moreshwar Bhoir (Bharatiya Janata Party)
Area
• Total	137.15 km2 (52.95 sq mi)
Elevation	8.84 m (29.00 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	1,246,381 (with Dombivli)
• Rank	29th
Demonym	Kalyankar
Languages
• Official	Marathi
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN CODE	421301(Kalyan (West)) 421304 (Kalyan (S.O.)) 421306 (Kalyan (East))
Vehicle registration	MH-05
Sex ratio	917 females/1000 males ♂/♀
Literacy Rate	93.06%
Lok Sabha constituency	Kalyan which covers Kalyan East & Kalyan Rural Vidhansabha Constituencies , Bhiwandi Loksabha Constituency which covers Kalyan West Vidhansabha Constituency
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Kalyan East, Kalyan West, Kalyan Rural
Civic agency	Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation

History

Kalyan served as an important port in Classical India. Records of its existence as a port in the region have been found in ancient Greek manuscripts, particularly in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. However, Kalyan is not mentioned in Ptolemy's Geography (c. 150 CE).^[1]

The city has remains from the Mughal Empire, Sultanate of Bijapur, and the Maratha Empire. ^[2] The Durgadi fort, first constructed under Mughal rule, is one such example. ^[2]

Demographics

The majority of Kalyan citizens are Hindus and Muslims.^[3]

Climate

Kalyan is characterized by koppen classification Aw (tropical monsoon) with high rainfall during monsoon season and dry season year around. Because of Kalyan's proximity to the sea, it experiences greater diurnal temperature variations especially during winter when on some days the average high would reach 34°C with average lows near 14-15°C. Kalyan's humidity is also lower than Mumbai during winter season and pre summer (March-April) though it has seen high dew points, particularly in the month of May with near to 30°C dew points. Kalyan receives heavy rainfall during June-September.

Climate data for Kalyan
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	29.3 (84.7)	33.7 (92.7)	34.6 (94.3)	35.7 (96.3)	34.7 (94.5)	31.9 (89.4)	29.8 (85.6)	29.3 (84.7)	30.1 (86.2)	32.9 (91.2)	33.4 (92.1)	32.0 (89.6)	32.3 (90.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	14.6 (58.3)	16.3 (61.3)	19.6 (67.3)	25.7 (78.3)	26.1 (79.0)	25.8 (78.4)	24.8 (76.6)	24.5 (76.1)	24.0 (75.2)	23.1 (73.6)	20.5 (68.9)	18.2 (64.8)	21.9 (71.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	2.3 (0.09)	1.0 (0.04)	0.8 (0.03)	1.8 (0.07)	13.5 (0.53)	432.6 (17.03)	946.1 (37.25)	553.3 (21.78)	294.1 (11.58)	87.1 (3.43)	20.6 (0.81)	2.1 (0.08)	2,355.3 (92.72)
Source: Government of Maharashtra

Transport

Kalyan Junction railway station is on the railway line between Mumbai and Karjat/Kasara. Kalyan has access to four railway stations on the Central line - Thakurli Station, Vitthalwadi, Shahad Station and Kalyan Junction. Kalyan Junction serves as an important railway station for the people in and around Mumbai.^[4]

Civic amenities

With a population of more than 700,000, Kalyan is a part of the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation established in 1983, with municipalities of Kalyan, Dombivli, Ambernath and 81 other villages.^{[clarification needed]}

Government

KDMC is a municipal corporation in Thane district of Maharashtra State, India. The municipal corporation was formed in 1983 to administer the twin townships of Kalyan and Dombivli. The municipal corporation has a population 15,18,762 citizens as per the 2011 census. Due to its highly educated population, it is often called the second cultural capital of Maharashtra after Pune.^[5]

The corporation is governed by Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporation Act 1949. The following authorities are given charge to implement the provisions of the act:

• A corporation
• A standing committee
• Ward committees
• Municipal commissioner

Both the cities are divided into 122 wards. Municipal Corporation consists of Councillors elected directly at Ward Elections. The number and boundaries of the Wards into which the city is divided is specified by the State Election Commissioner. There are five Councillors nominated by the corporation. As per the provisions of the Act, the total number of Councillors is 121. The Corporation elects one of its members as the Mayor and another to be the Deputy Mayor.^[6]

Schools and colleges

• Birla College of Arts, Science & Commerce
• Mar Thoma Special School for Children in Need of Special Care

Gallery

• 
  KDMT Buses
• 
  Kalyan Junction during the 26 July 2005 floods
• 
  Kalyan Junction
• 
  A post 1857 map by John Tallis focused on the events of the Rebellion. The author spells Kalyan as "KALYAN LANJA"/"Calliannee".
• 
  Letts's Popular Atlas, 1883 (Letts & Co., London), Spelled "Kalliannee".
• 
  Cram atlas map, 1885. Spelled as "Callian".
• 
  A documented map of Kalyan area 1955 from the US military. Spelled "Kalyan".
• 
  Kala Talao, a historic lake

Notable people

• Vishwanath Bhoir– MLA, (Kalyan West)
• Tushar Deshpande – Indian cricketer. (Fast bowler)
• Pranav Dhanawade – Indian cricketer. (Record holder for most runs 1009*)
• Ganpat Gaikwad– MLA, BJP (Kalyan East)
• Anandi Gopal Joshi – first Indian female physician
• Gavin Packard – Indian actor
• Pramod Ratan Patil– MLA, MNS (Kalyan Rural)
• Narendra Pawar – Ex-MLA, BJP (Kalyan West)
• Lalit Prabhakar – Indian actor
• Shrikant Shinde – Member of Parliament (Kalyan)