Kepler-725

Kepler-725 is a Sun-like star located about 2,526 light-years (774 parsecs) away in the constellation of Lyra.^[1] At an apparent magnitude of 15.1, it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye.^[5] It has a spectral type of G9V,^[4] which classifies it as a yellow dwarf star.

Kepler-725

Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Lyra[1]
Right ascension	18h 55m 54.59951s[2]
Declination	+44° 48′ 41.5433″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)	15.23[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage	main sequence[2]
Spectral type	G9V[4]
Apparent magnitude (J)	13.685±0.027[3]
Apparent magnitude (H)	13.283±0.026[3]
Apparent magnitude (K)	13.222±0.038[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: -0.500 mas/yr[2] Dec.: 4.995 mas/yr[2]
Parallax (π)	1.2912±0.0233 mas[2]
Distance	2,530 ± 50 ly (770 ± 10 pc)
Details[4]
Mass	0.95±0.01 M☉
Radius	0.88+0.05 −0.03 R☉
Surface gravity (log g)	4.53±0.06 cgs
Temperature	5,395±64 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	0.12±0.04 dex
Rotation	17.459±0.022 d
Age	1.60±0.04 Gyr
Other designations
Kepler-725, KOI-918, KIC 8672910, 2MASS J18555459+4448416[3]
Database references
SIMBAD	data
Exoplanet Archive	data

Planetary system

Kepler-725 has two confirmed planets. The transiting planet Kepler-725 b was discovered in 2016 and is a gas giant with orbital period of 40 days.^[6] The non-transiting planet Kepler-725 c was found in 2025 via the transit-timing variation (TTV) method and has a mass of about 10 times Earth mass.^[4][7] This planet receives an average insolation 1.4 times that of Earth, varying depending on its position in its eccentric orbit.^[7] It is the first super-Earth partially in the habitable zone to be discovered via the TTV method, and the only known super-Earth in the habitable zone of a Sun-like star with a measured mass (that is not a minimum mass).^[4]

Another planetary candidate with a period of 5.7 days, designated KOI-918.02, is a false positive.^[8]

The Kepler-725 planetary system^[4][a]

Companion (in order from star)	Mass	Semimajor axis (AU)	Orbital period (days)	Eccentricity	Inclination	Radius
b	—	0.2238±0.0008	39.643151(59)	0.231+0.050 −0.044	89.8±0.1°	10.8±0.6 R🜨
c	9.7+3.3 −2.3 M🜨	0.6744±0.0023	207.541+0.348 −0.248	0.436±0.017	—	—

Notes

1. The mass of planet b is not known, but the model used here assumes it has the mass of Jupiter.