Kiviõli

Kiviõli (/ˌkɪviˈoʊli/ KIV-ee-OHL-ee; Estonian: [ˈkiviɤlʲi]) is an industrial town in Ida-Viru County, Estonia, established in 1922. The main industry in the town is oil shale mining, which gives the town its name.

Kiviõli
Town
Kiviõli Location in Estonia
Coordinates: 59°21′N 26°58′E
Country	Estonia
County	Ida-Viru County
Municipality	Lüganuse Parish
Founded	1922
Town rights	1946
Area
• Total	11.75 km2 (4.54 sq mi)
Population  (2024)[1]
• Total	4,792
• Rank	23rd
• Density	410/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Ethnicity
• Estonians	39.6%
• Russians	51.5%
• other	8.9%
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)

History

In 1922, the joint-stock company Eesti Kiviõli (lit. 'Estonian stone oil') established an oil shale quarry in land belonging to the village of Salaküla, and mining commenced in 1930. A worker's settlement belonging to the village of Varinurme was built in the 1930s and named Kiviõli after the joint-stock company. Kiviõli became a town in 1946.^[2]

Demographics

Ethnic composition 1970–2021

Ethnicity	1959[3]		1970[4]		1979[5]		1989[5]		2000[6]		2011[7]		2021[8]
	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%
Estonians	6017	57.6	5789	51.9	4914	44.5	3958	38.1	2921	39.5	2179	38.7	1924	39.6
Russians	-	-	4431	39.7	5184	47.0	5369	51.7	3793	51.2	3020	53.6	2498	51.5
Ukrainians	-	-	152	1.36	228	2.06	308	2.96	157	2.12	109	1.93	136	2.80
Belarusians	-	-	93	0.83	139	1.26	184	1.77	119	1.61	79	1.40	69	1.42
Finns	-	-	368	3.30	348	3.15	308	2.96	193	2.61	100	1.77	68	1.40
Jews	-	-	13	0.12	11	0.10	10	0.10	3	0.04	2	0.04	0	0.00
Latvians	-	-	41	0.37	25	0.23	19	0.18	10	0.14	10	0.18	10	0.21
Germans	-	-	-	-	74	0.67	83	0.80	46	0.62	49	0.87	31	0.64
Tatars	-	-	-	-	13	0.12	26	0.25	14	0.19	7	0.12	6	0.12
Poles	-	-	-	-	26	0.24	22	0.21	11	0.15	7	0.12	7	0.14
Lithuanians	-	-	18	0.16	27	0.24	24	0.25	17	0.23	14	0.25	12	0.25
unknown	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	0	0.00	70	0.94	4	0.07	5	0.10
other	4427	42.4	248	2.22	61	0.55	79	0.76	51	0.69	54	0.96	86	1.77
Total	10444	100	11153	100	11050	100	10390	100	7405	100	5634	100	4854	99.9

Neighborhoods of Kiviõli

Included in the town limits, but somewhat separate from the main part of the town, are the districts of Küttejõu and Varinurme.

There are five neighborhoods of Kiviõli:

• Küttejõu
• Lepatee
• Sala-Aru
• Soopealse
• Varinurme.^[9]

Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Kiviõli include the following:

• Peeter Simm (born 1953), film director
• Kristina Kallas (born 1976), Estonian Minister of Education and Research

Gallery

• 
  Kiviõli oil factory
• 
• 
• 
  Ash mountains

See also

• Eesti Kiviõli
• Eesti Küttejõud