Gkuthaarn language

Gkuthaarn, also rendered Kuthant, Kutanda and other variant spellings, is an extinct Paman language of the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia. It also known as Karundi/Garandi (and variant spellings), but the Garandi language may be a separate dialect.

Gkuthaarn
Kuthant
Native to	Australia
Region	Cape York Peninsula, Queensland
Ethnicity	Gkuthaarn
Extinct	(date missing)
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Paman Norman Gkuthaarn
Dialects	Garandi?
Language codes
ISO 639-3	xut
Glottolog	kuth1240
AIATSIS[1]	G31
ELP	Kuthant

Norman Tindale also assigned the name Kareldi, but this is not confirmed by others.^[2] Current sources refer to the Gkuthaarn people.^[3][4]

Alternative names

Tindale

• Kotanda, also spelt Kutanda, Goothanto^[2]
• Karundi, also spelt Karunti, Kurandi, Ka-rantee, Karrandi, Karrandee, Gar-und-yih, thought to be derived from Karun-/Gooran, meaning scrublands people.^[2]

However, according to Lauriston Sharp, Kotanda was also used for the now extinct Kalibamu, and Karandi/Garandi (AUSTLANG G32) was a different local group,^[2] and AIATSIS agrees.^[5]

Other variants

Other variant spellings included in AUSTLANG are:^[2]

• Karaldi
• Gudanda
• Gudhanda
• Gudhand
• Guandhar

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar
Stop	p	t̪	t	(ʈ)	c	k
Nasal	m	n̪	n	ɳ	ɲ	ŋ
Fricative						ɣ
Trill			r
Flap			ɾ	ɻ~ɽ
Approximant	w				j
Lateral			l	ɭ

[ʈ] is attested only in the sequence [ɳʈ] and in Kukatj loans.

Vowels

	Front		Central	Back
	Unrounded	Rounded
Non-low	i iː	ø øː	ɨ ɨː	u uː
Low			a aː

Kuthant has two diphthongs: /ia/ and /ua/.

Some words

According to W.E. Armit, inspector of Native Police, these were some words of the "Karrandee tribe":^[6]

• irruag (tame dog)
• nyet (father)
• mooruk (mother)
• morbuy (white man)