Aedeomyia

Aedeomyia is a genus of mosquitoes in the family Culicidae, comprising seven recognized species. These mosquitoes are distributed across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, including Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas. Certain species, notably A. squamipennis, are vectors of arboviruses such as the Gamboa virus and potentially the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus, underscoring their medical significance.

Aedeomyia
Aedeomyia catasticta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Culicidae
Subfamily:	Culicinae
Tribe:	Aedeomyiini
Genus:	Aedeomyia Theobald, 1901
Synonyms
Aedomyia Edwards, 1912 Aedomyia Giles, 1902

Description

Aedeomyia mosquitoes are distinguished by their broad scales and unique antennal structures. Females possess stout antennal flagellomeres, while males exhibit thickened apical flagellomeres. The larvae are identifiable by their swollen, strongly curved antennae, which exceed the length of the head capsule—a key diagnostic trait.

Distribution

Species of Aedeomyia inhabit tropical and subtropical zones across multiple biogeographical regions: - Afrotropical: Sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., A. africana). - Australasian: Australia and nearby islands (e.g., A. venustipes). - Nearctic: North America (recently, A. squamipennis in Florida, USA). - Neotropical: Central America and South America, including the Caribbean (e.g., A. squamipennis). - Oriental: Southeast Asia and parts of Asia.

Notably, A. squamipennis, originally endemic to Central and South America, has expanded its range into Florida, USA, as documented in recent studies.^[1]

Species

The genus Aedeomyia includes the following seven species:^[2]

• Aedeomyia africana Neveu-Lemaire, 1906
• Aedeomyia catasticta Knab, 1909
• Aedeomyia furfurea (Enderlein, 1923)
• Aedeomyia madagascarica Brunhes, Boussès & Ramos, 2011^[3]
• Aedeomyia pauliani Grjebine, 1953
• Aedeomyia squamipennis (Lynch Arribalzaga, 1878)
• Aedeomyia venustipes (Skuse, 1889)

Aedeomyia venustipes

Biology

Aedeomyia mosquitoes are primarily nocturnal, becoming active after sunset. They predominantly feed on birds in forest canopies, though species like A. africana and A. furfurea have been recorded biting humans, particularly in forested areas. The larvae develop in shaded, freshwater habitats with abundant floating vegetation—such as ponds containing Pistia or Salvinia, or tree holes—often alongside other mosquito genera like Aedes, Culex, and Uranotaenia.^[2]

Medical Importance

Several Aedeomyia species are vectors of medically significant arboviruses:

• A. squamipennis: Transmits the Gamboa virus (a bunyavirus) and is suspected to carry the Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) virus (an alphavirus), which can cause encephalitis in horses and human.^[4][1] It is also linked to avian malaria transmission.^[5]
• A. catasticta: Carries the Alfuy virus (a flavivirus) in Australia, related to the Murray Valley encephalitis virus.^[6]

These associations emphasize the genus's role in public health and veterinary medicine.