Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition

The Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition was an alliance between the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito. A coalition government between the parties has been established twice: the first from October 5, 1999 to September 16, 2009, and the second from December 26, 2012 to October 10, 2025, when Komeito announced their exit from the coalition.^[1]

Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition 自公連立政権 Jikō Renritsu Seiken
Last leaders	Sanae Takaichi (LDP) Tetsuo Saito (Komeito)
Founded	5 October 1999; 26 years ago (1999-10-05)
Dissolved	10 October 2025; 16 days ago (2025-10-10)
Ideology	Conservatism (Japanese) Social conservatism Factions: Japanese nationalism Buddhist democracy
Political position	Big tent[A]
Alliance parties	Liberal Democratic Party Komeito
Politics of Japan Political parties Elections ^ A: Komeito is a centrist party, but the right-wing LDP held a much larger number of seats.

History

The two parties formed a coalition in October 1999.^[2]

The coalition was roundly defeated and lost power in the 2009 general election. In the general election on 16 December 2012, the LDP/Komeito coalition secured a supermajority and came back into government.^[3][4]

In the 2024 general election, the LDP-Komeito coalition lost its majority for the first time since 2009. Although the LDP still remained the largest party, the coalition fell short of the 233 seats needed for a majority, securing only 215.^[5][6][7]

On October 10, 2025, Komeito chief representative Tetsuo Saito announced that it would leave the ruling coalition, over disagreements with new LDP president Sanae Takaichi.^[8]

Electoral results

House of Representatives

Election	Leaders		Seats		Constituency		PR Block		Position	Status
	LDP	Komeito	Number	+/-	Votes	%	Votes	%
2000	Yoshiro Mori	Takenori Kanzaki	264 / 480	New	26,177,560	42.99	24,705,457	41.28	1st	Majority
2003	Junichiro Koizumi	Takenori Kanzaki	271 / 480	7	26,975,834	45.34	29,393,629	49.74	1st	Majority
2005	Junichiro Koizumi	Takenori Kanzaki	327 / 480	56	33,499,495	49.21	34,875,418	51.43	1st	Majority
2009	Taro Aso	Akihiro Ota	140 / 480	187	28,084,966	37.57	26,864,224	38.18	2nd	Opposition
2012	Shinzo Abe	Natsuo Yamaguchi	325 / 480	185	26,529,190	44.5	23,740,931	39.69	1st	Majority
2014	Shinzo Abe	Natsuo Yamaguchi	326 / 475	1	26,226,839	49.55	24,973,152	46.82	1st	Majority
2017	Shinzo Abe	Natsuo Yamaguchi	313 / 465	13	27,333,230	49.32	25,533,429	45.79	1st	Majority
2021	Fumio Kishida	Natsuo Yamaguchi	291 / 465	22	28,499,166	49.6	27,029,165	47.04	1st	Majority
2024	Shigeru Ishiba	Keiichi Ishii	215 / 465	76	21,598,163	39.81	20,547,105	37.66	1st	Minority

House of Councillors

Election	Leaders		Seats		Constituency		PR Block		Position	Status
	LDP	Komeito	Total	Contested	Votes	%	Votes	%
2001	Junichiro Koizumi	Takenori Kanzaki	134 / 247	77 / 121	25,768,489	47.42	29,302,531	53.53	1st	Majority
2004	Junichiro Koizumi	Takenori Kanzaki	139 / 242	60 / 121	21,849,718	38.93	25,418,951	45.44	1st	Majority
2007	Shinzo Abe	Akihiro Ota	103 / 242	46 / 121	22,140,865	37.31	24,310,000	41.26	2nd	Minority (until 2009)
										Opposition (since 2009)
2010	Sadakazu Tanigaki	Natsuo Yamaguchi	103 / 242	60 / 121	21,761,901	37.26	21,711,103	37.14	2nd	Opposition (until 2012)
										Minority (since 2012)
2013	Shinzo Abe	Natsuo Yamaguchi	135 / 242	76 / 121	25,405,639	47.87	26,028,417	48.9	1st	Majority
2016	Shinzo Abe	Natsuo Yamaguchi	146 / 242	70 / 121	26,854,215	47.48	27,687,748	49.43	1st	Majority
2019	Shinzo Abe	Natsuo Yamaguchi	141 / 245	71 / 124	23,943,689	47.54	24,248,709	48.42	1st	Majority
2022	Fumio Kishida	Natsuo Yamaguchi	146 / 248	76 / 125	24,203,788	45.51	24,437,677	46.09	1st	Majority
2025	Shigeru Ishiba	Tetsuo Saito	122 / 248	47 / 125	17,645,807	29.83	18,018,876	30.44	1st	Minority