List of national capitals by population

This is a list of national capitals, ordered according to population. The population statistics given refer only to the official capital area, and do not include the wider metropolitan/urban district.

Table

• Note: links for each location marked by an asterisk (*) go to the relevant list of cities. Where a list of cities is not available, the links go to the article on the country.

Country / dependency	Capital	Population	% of country	Source
China *	Beijing	21,542,000	1.5%	[1] 2018
Japan *	Tokyo	14,094,034	11.3%	[2] 2023
Russia *	Moscow	13,104,177	9.0%	[3] 2023
DR Congo *	Kinshasa	12,691,000	13.2%	[4] 2017
Indonesia *	Jakarta	10,562,088	3.9%	[5] 2020
Peru *	Lima	10,151,000	30.1%	[6] 2023
Egypt *	Cairo	10,107,125	9.3%	[7] 2022
South Korea *	Seoul	9,508,451	18.3%	[8] 2022
Mexico	Mexico City	9,209,944	7.3%	[9] 2020
United Kingdom *	London	9,002,488	13.4%	[10] 2020
Bangladesh *	Dhaka	8,906,039	5.3%	[11] 2011
Iran *	Tehran	8,693,706	9.9%	2016
Thailand	Bangkok	8,305,218	11.6%	[12] 2010
Vietnam	Hanoi	8,053,663	8.3%	[13] 2019
Iraq *	Baghdad	7,682,136	17.6%	[14] 2021
Saudi Arabia	Riyadh	7,676,654	21.4%	2018
Hong Kong (China)	Hong Kong	7,291,600	100%	[15] 2022
Colombia *	Bogotá	7,181,469	13.9%	[16] 2011
Chile *	Santiago	6,310,000	32.4%	[17] 2012
Turkey *	Ankara	5,747,325	6.8%	[18] 2021
Singapore	Singapore	5,917,600	100%	[19] 2023
Afghanistan *	Kabul	4,601,789	11.5%	2021
Kenya	Nairobi	4,397,073	8.3%	2019
Jordan	Amman	4,061,150	36.4%	[20] 2021
Algeria *	Algiers	3,915,811	8.9%	2011
Germany *	Berlin	3,677,472	4.4%	[21] 2021
Spain *	Madrid	3,305,408	7.0%	[22] 2021
Argentina *	Buenos Aires	3,120,612	6.9%	[23] 2022
Ethiopia *	Addis Ababa	3,040,740	2.5%	[24] 2012
Kuwait	Kuwait City	2,989,000	70.3%	2018
Guatemala	Guatemala City	2,934,841	16.7%	2020
South Africa	Pretoria	2,921,488	4.9%	[25] 2011
Ukraine *	Kyiv	2,920,873	6.7%	[26] 2021
North Korea *	Pyongyang	2,870,000	11.1%	2016
Uzbekistan *	Tashkent	2,860,600	8.4%	[27] 2022
Italy *	Rome	2,761,632	4.7%	[28] 2022
Ecuador	Quito	2,800,388	15.7%	2020
Cameroon	Yaoundé	2,765,568	10.2%	[29] 2015
Zambia	Lusaka	2,731,696	14.0%	2020
Sudan *	Khartoum	2,682,431	5.9%	2012
Brazil *	Brasília	2,648,532	1.2%	[30] 2012
Taiwan *	Taipei (de facto)	2,608,332	10.9%	[31] 2020
Yemen	Sanaa	2,575,347	7.8%	2012
Angola	Luanda	2,571,861	7.5%	2020
Burkina Faso	Ouagadougou	2,453,496	11.1%	2019
Ghana	Accra	2,388,000	7.3%	2017
Somalia	Mogadishu	2,388,000	14.0%	2021
Azerbaijan	Baku	2,303,100	22.3%	[32] 2022
Cambodia	Phnom Penh	2,281,951	13.8%	2019
Venezuela	Caracas	2,245,744	8.0%	2016
France *	Paris	2,139,907	3.3%	[33] 2022
Cuba	Havana	2,132,183	18.9%	[34] 2020
Zimbabwe	Harare	2,123,132	13.3%	2012
Syria	Damascus	2,079,000	9.7%	2019
Belarus	Minsk	1,996,553	20.8%	[35] 2022
Austria	Vienna	1,962,779	22.0%	[36] 2022
Poland	Warsaw	1,863,056	4.9%	[37] 2021
Philippines *	Manila	1,846,513	1.6%	[38] 2020
Mali	Bamako	1,809,106	8.3%	2009
Malaysia *	Kuala Lumpur	1,782,500	5.3%	2019
Romania *	Bucharest	1,716,983	8.9%	[39] 2021
Hungary *	Budapest	1,706,851	17.6%	[40] 2022
Congo	Brazzaville	1,696,392	29.1%	2015
Serbia *	Belgrade	1,688,667	23.1%	[41] 2021
Uganda	Kampala	1,680,600	3.7%	2019
Guinea	Conakry	1,660,973	12.3%	2014
Kazakhstan *	Astana	1,511,807	7.9%	[42] 2024
Mongolia	Ulaanbaatar	1,466,125	43.8%	2020
Honduras	Tegucigalpa	1,444,085	14.0%	2021
Senegal	Dakar	1,438,725	8.5%	2021
Czech Republic *	Prague	1,357,326	12.9%	[43] 2023
Niger *	Niamey	1,334,984	5.3%	2020
Uruguay	Montevideo	1,319,108	38.5%	2011
Bulgaria *	Sofia	1,307,439	19.0%	[44] 2021
Oman	Muscat	1,294,101	28.6%	[45] 2021
Madagascar	Antananarivo	1,275,207	4.4%	2018
Nigeria	Abuja	1,235,880	0.6%	2011
Georgia	Tbilisi	1,201,769	32.0%	[46] 2022
Mauritania *	Nouakchott	1,195,600	25.9%	2019
Qatar *	Doha	1,186,023	44.1%	[47] 2020
Libya	Tripoli	1,170,000	17.4%	2019
Myanmar	Naypyidaw	1,160,242	2.2%	2014
Rwanda	Kigali	1,132,686	8.4%	2012
Mozambique	Maputo	1,124,988	3.5%	2020
Dominican Republic	Santo Domingo	1,111,838	10.0%	[48] 2010
Armenia *	Yerevan	1,096,100	39.3%	[49] 2021
Kyrgyzstan	Bishkek	1,074,075	16.5%	2021
Sierra Leone	Freetown	1,055,964	12.5%	2015
Nicaragua	Managua	1,055,247	15.4%	2020
Canada *	Ottawa	1,017,449	2.7%	[50] 2021
Pakistan *	Islamabad	1,014,825	0.4%	[51] 2017
Liberia	Monrovia	1,010,970	19.5%	2008
United Arab Emirates	Abu Dhabi	1,010,092	10.8%	2020
Malawi	Lilongwe	989,318	5.0%	2018
Haiti	Port-au-Prince	987,310	8.6%	2015
Sweden *	Stockholm	978,770	9.4%	[52] 2021
Eritrea	Asmara	963,000	26.6%	2020
Israel *	Jerusalem[a]	936,425	10.5%	[54] 2019
Laos	Vientiane	927,724	12.5%	[55] 2019
Chad	N'Djamena	916,000	5.3%	2009
Netherlands *	Amsterdam	905,234	5.2%	[56] 2022
Central African Republic	Bangui	889,231	16.3%	2020
Panama	Panama City	880,691	20.2%	2013
Tajikistan *	Dushanbe	863,400	8.9%	2020
Nepal *	Kathmandu	845,767	2.8%	[57] 2021
Togo	Lomé	837,437	9.7%	2010
Turkmenistan	Ashgabat	791,000	12.5%	2017
Moldova	Chişinău	779,300	25.5%	[58] 2019
Croatia *	Zagreb	769,944	19.0%	[59] 2021
Gabon *	Libreville	703,904	30.1%	2013
Norway *	Oslo	697,010	12.9%	[60] 2021
Macau (China)	Macau	671,900	100%	[61] 2022
United States *	Washington, D.C.	670,050	0.2%	[62] 2021
Jamaica	Kingston	662,491	23.4%	[63] 2019
Finland *	Helsinki	658,864	11.9%	[64] 2021
Tunisia	Tunis	638,845	5.2%	2014
Denmark *	Copenhagen	638,117	10.9%	[65] 2021
Greece *	Athens	637,798	6.1%	[66] 2021
Latvia *	Riga	605,802	32.3%	[67] 2021
Djibouti	Djibouti City	604,013	54.6%	2012
Ireland *	Dublin	588,233	11.8%	[68] 2022
Morocco	Rabat	577,827	1.6%	2014
Lithuania	Vilnius	576,195	20.7%	[69] 2022
El Salvador	San Salvador	570,459	9.0%	2019
Albania	Tirana	557,422	19.5%	2011
North Macedonia	Skopje	544,086	25.9%	[70] 2015
South Sudan *	Juba	525,953	4.9%	2017
Paraguay	Asunción	521,559	7.8%	2020
Portugal *	Lisbon	509,614	5.0%	[71] 2020
Guinea-Bissau	Bissau	492,004	23.9%	2015
Slovakia	Bratislava	440,948	8.1%	[72] 2020
Estonia *	Tallinn	438,341	33.0%	[73] 2021
Australia *	Canberra	431,380	1.7%	[74] 2020
Namibia	Windhoek	431,000	17.0%	2020
Tanzania	Dodoma	410,956	0.6%	2012
Papua New Guinea *	Port Moresby	364,145	3.7%	2011
Ivory Coast	Yamoussoukro	361,893	1.3%	2020
Lebanon	Beirut	361,366	6.5%	2014
Bolivia	Sucre	360,544	3.0%	[75] 2022
Puerto Rico (US)	San Juan	342,259	10.5%	2020
Costa Rica	San José	342,188	6.6%	2018
Lesotho	Maseru	330,760	14.5%	2016
Cyprus	Nicosia	326,739	26.3%	2016
Equatorial Guinea *	Malabo	297,000	18.2%	2018
Slovenia *	Ljubljana	285,604	13.5%	[76] 2021
Timor-Leste	Dili	277,279	21.0%	[77] 2015
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Sarajevo	275,524	8.4%	2013
Bahamas	Nassau	274,400	67.3%	2016
Botswana	Gaborone	273,602	10.6%	2020
Benin	Porto-Novo	264,320	2.0%	2013
India *	New Delhi	249,998	0.0%	2011
Suriname	Paramaribo	240,924	39.3%	2012
Kosovo *	Pristina	227,466	14.3%	[78] 2024
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Laayoune (claimed) Tifariti (de facto)	217,732 3,000	—	2014
New Zealand *	Wellington	217,000	4.2%	[79] 2021
Maldives *	Malé	211,908	40.6%	[80] 2022
Bahrain	Manama	200,000	13.7%	2020
Montenegro *	Podgorica	190,488	30.3%	[81] 2020
Belgium	Brussels	187,686	1.6%	[82] 2022
Cape Verde	Praia	159,050	27.1%	2017
Mauritius	Port Louis	147,066	11.3%	2018
Curaçao (Netherlands)	Willemstad	136,660	71.8%	2011
Luxembourg *	Luxembourg City	136,208	21.3%	[83] 2025
Burundi	Gitega	135,467	1.1%	2020
Switzerland *	Bern (de facto)	134,591	1.5%	[84] 2020
Transnistria	Tiraspol	133,807	38.5%	2015
Iceland *	Reykjavík	133,262	36.0%	[85] 2021
Guyana	Georgetown	118,363	14.7%	2012
Bhutan	Thimphu	114,551	14.7%	2017
Comoros	Moroni	111,326	13.5%	2016
Barbados	Bridgetown	110,000	39.1%	2014
Sri Lanka	Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte	107,925	0.5%	2012
Brunei	Bandar Seri Begawan	100,700	22.6%	2007
Eswatini	Mbabane	94,874	8.0%	2010
New Caledonia (France)	Nouméa	94,285	32.8%	2019
Fiji	Suva	93,970	10.2%	2017
Solomon Islands	Honiara	92,344	13.0%	2021
Gambia	Banjul	73,000	2.8%	2013
São Tomé and Príncipe	São Tomé	71,868	32.2%	2015
Kiribati	Tarawa	70,480	54.7%	2020
Vanuatu	Port Vila	51,437	16.1%	2016
Northern Mariana Islands (USA)	Saipan	47,565	96.1%	2017
Samoa	Apia	41,611	19.0%	2021
Palestine	Ramallah (de facto)	38,998	0.8%	2017
Monaco	Monaco	38,350	100%	[86] 2020
Jersey (UK)	Saint Helier	37,540	34.2%	2018
Trinidad and Tobago	Port of Spain	37,074	2.4%	2011
Cayman Islands (UK)	George Town	34,399	50.5%	2021
Gibraltar (UK)	Gibraltar	34,003	100%	2020
Grenada	St. George's	33,734	27.1%	2012
Aruba (Netherlands)	Oranjestad	28,294	26.6%	2010
Isle of Man (UK)	Douglas	27,938	33.2%	2011
Marshall Islands	Majuro	27,797	66.1%	2011
Tonga	Nukuʻalofa	27,600	26.0%	2022
Seychelles	Victoria	26,450	24.8%	2010
French Polynesia (France)	Papeete	26,926	8.9%	2017
Andorra	Andorra la Vella	22,873	28.9%	[87] 2022
Faroe Islands * (Denmark)	Tórshavn	22,738	43.0%	[88] 2022
Antigua and Barbuda *	St. John's	22,219	23.8%	2011
Belize	Belmopan	20,621	5.2%	2016
Saint Lucia	Castries	20,000	11.1%	2013
Guernsey (UK)	Saint Peter Port	18,958	30.1%	2019
Greenland (Denmark)	Nuuk	18,800	33.4%	2021
Dominica	Roseau	14,725	20.3%	2011
U.S. Virgin Islands (US)	Charlotte Amalie	14,477	14.5%	2020
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Basseterre	14,000	29.4%	2018
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Kingstown	12,909	12.4%	2012
British Virgin Islands (UK)	Road Town	12,603	40.5%	2012
Åland (Finland)	Mariehamn	11,736	39.0%	[64] 2021
Micronesia	Palikir	6,647	5.9%	2010
Tuvalu	Funafuti	6,320	56.4%	2017
Malta	Valletta	5,827	1.1%	2019
Liechtenstein	Vaduz	5,774	14.8%	[89] 2021
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)	Saint-Pierre	5,394	91.7%	2019
Cook Islands	Avarua	4,906	28.9%	2016
British Indian Ocean Territory	Diego Garcia	4,239	Lua error: bad argument #1 to 'formatNum' (NaN).	2018
San Marino	City of San Marino	4,061	12.0%	[90] 2021
Turks and Caicos Islands (UK)	Cockburn Town	3,720	8.2%	2016
American Samoa (USA)	Pago Pago	3,656	8.1%	2010
Saint Martin (France)	Marigot	3,229	10.1%	2017
Saint Barthélemy (France)	Gustavia	2,615	24.1%	2010
Falkland Islands (UK)	Stanley	2,460	65.4%	2016
Svalbard (Norway)	Longyearbyen	2,417	82.2%	2020
Sint Maarten (Netherlands)	Philipsburg	1,894	4.3%	2011
Christmas Island (Australia)	Flying Fish Cove	1,599	86.8%	2016
Anguilla (UK)	The Valley	1,067	6.8%	2011
Guam (US)	Hagåtña	1,051	0.6%	2010
Wallis and Futuna (France)	Mata Utu	1,029	8.9%	2018
Bermuda (UK)	Hamilton	854	1.3%	[91] 2016
Nauru	Yaren (de facto)	747	6.0%	2011
Saint Helena (UK)	Jamestown	629	11.6%	2016
Niue	Alofi	597	30.8%	2017
Ascension Island	Georgetown	450	Lua error: bad argument #1 to 'formatNum' (NaN).	2020
Tokelau (NZ)	Atafu	541	29.3%	2016
Vatican City	Vatican City	764	100%	[92] 2023
Montserrat (UK)	Brades (de facto) Plymouth (de jure)	449 0	—	2011
Norfolk Island (Australia)	Kingston	341	19.5%	[93] 2015
Tristan da Cunha	Edinburgh of the Seven Seas	248	Lua error: bad argument #1 to 'formatNum' (NaN).	2017
British Antarctic Territory (UK)	Rothera Research Station	155	28.5%	2017
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia)	West Island	134	24.6%	2011
Pitcairn Islands (UK)	Adamstown	40	100%	2021
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (UK)	King Edward Point	22	73.3%	2018
Palau	Ngerulmud	0	0.0%	[94] 2020

See also

• Capital city
• List of countries whose capital is not their largest city
• List of capitals outside the territories they serve
• List of national capitals by latitude
• List of countries and dependencies by population
• List of towns and cities with 100,000 or more inhabitants
• List of population concern organizations
• List of national capitals
• List of national capitals by area

Notes

1. The Jerusalem Law states that "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel" and the city serves as the seat of the government, home to the President's residence, government offices, supreme court, and parliament. The United Nations and most countries do not accept the Jerusalem Law^[53] and maintain their embassies in other cities such as Tel Aviv, Ramat Gan, and Herzliya (see the CIA Factbook and Map of Israel) The Palestinian Authority sees East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state and the city's final status awaits future negotiations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority (see "Negotiating Jerusalem", University of Maryland Archived 2006-05-14 at the Wayback Machine). See Positions on Jerusalem for more information.