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List of U.S. states by intentional homicide rate
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This is a list of U.S. states by intentional homicide rate. US territories can be found at List of countries by intentional homicide rate. The homicide rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 100,000 individuals per year; a homicide rate of 4 in a population of 100,000 would mean 4 murders a year, or 0.004% out of the total. The data is from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC),[2] and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).[1] The reasons for the different results can be confusing. From the Reason Foundation: "While the FBI data relies on reports by law enforcement agencies, the CDC data is derived from coroners' reports, encompassing non-criminal homicides such as cases of self-defense. Consequently, the CDC mortality data shows a slightly higher number of homicides annually compared to the FBI data."[3][4] The agency quotes below make more sense in light of this. The CDC reports all homicides, and does not indicate whether it was justified or self-defense. To a coroner a homicide is a homicide, regardless of the reason.
FBI: "The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program defines murder and nonnegligent manslaughter as the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. The classification of this offense is based solely on police investigation as opposed to the determination of a court, medical examiner, coroner, jury, or other judicial body. The UCR Program does not include the following situations in this offense classification: deaths caused by negligence, suicide, or accident; justifiable homicides; and attempts to murder or assaults to murder, which are classified as aggravated assaults."[6]
CDC: "Homicide – injuries inflicted by another person with intent to injure or kill, by any means. Excludes injuries due to legal intervention and operations of war. Justifiable homicide is not identified in WISQARS."[7] WISQARS is short for Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System.[8]
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Definitions
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In the United States, the law for murder varies by jurisdiction. In many US jurisdictions there is a hierarchy of acts, known collectively as homicide, of which first-degree murder and felony murder[9] are the most serious, followed by second-degree murder and, in a few states, third-degree murder, which in other states is divided into voluntary manslaughter, and involuntary manslaughter such as reckless homicide and negligent homicide, which are the least serious, and ending finally in justifiable homicide, which is not a crime. However, because there are at least 52 relevant jurisdictions, each with its own criminal code, this is a considerable simplification.[10]
Sentencing also varies widely depending upon the specific murder charge. "Life imprisonment" is a common penalty for first-degree murder, but its meaning varies widely.[11]
Capital punishment is a legal sentence in 27 states,[12][13] and in the federal civilian and military legal systems, though 8 of these states and the federal government have indefinitely suspended the practice. The United States is unusual in actually performing executions,[14] with 34 states having performed executions since capital punishment was reinstated in 1976. The methods of execution have varied, but the most common method since 1976 has been lethal injection.[15] In 2019 a total of 22 people were executed,[16] and 2,652 people were on death row.[17]
The federal Unborn Victims of Violence Act, enacted in 2004 and codified at 18 U.S. Code § 1841,[18] allows for a fetus to be treated as victims in crimes. Subsection (c) of that statute specifically prohibits prosecutions related to consented abortions and medical treatments.[18]Remove ads
Homicide rates by year: FBI data
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Note: The location links in this table, as in all the tables below, are "Crime in LOCATION" links, except for Maine.
The following list shows homicide rates for the most recent five years. Data are from the FBI.[1]
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Homicide rates by year: CDC data
 | This article needs attention from an expert in United States. The specific problem is: See talk page (section: Contradiction between zero rates and counts). (October 2023) |
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Homicide rates by type: CDC data
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The following list shows homicide rates by mechanism, for types where total deaths exceeded 100. Data are from the CDC and average the years 2018 to 2021.[23] Blank values indicate that the underlying homicide count was between 1 and 9, and was suppresed.[24] Excludes unspecified or unclassified data types, but the "Total" includes all deaths including suppressed, unspecified and/or unclassified data.
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Homicide rates by decade: FBI data
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The following list shows homicide rates by decade, averaging the rates for each year. Data are from the FBI.[1] Data for the 2020s are for 2020 to 2022.
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Homicide totals by year: FBI data
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The following list shows homicide totals for the most recent five years. Data are from the FBI.[1]
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See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Homicide rate maps of the United States.
- Crime in the United States
- Firearm death rates in the United States by state
- Gun violence in the United States by state
- List of countries by intentional homicide rate
- List of cities by murder rate
- List of federal subjects of Russia by murder rate
- List of Brazilian states by murder rate
- List of Mexican states by homicides
- Homicide in world cities
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References
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