| Name | Period | Writings | Other | Places |
| Delmira Agustini | 1886–1914 | poet | | |
| Marcelina Almeida | mid 19th-c | novelist, writer, poet | | Montevideo |
| Enrique Amorim | 1900–1960 | novelist, writer | | |
| Dino Armas | born 1941 | playwright | theater director | |
| Teresita de Barbieri | 1937-2018 | writer | sociologist | Mexico City |
| Ana Barrios Camponovo | born 1961 | writer, illustrator | actress | Montevideo, Spain |
| Roberto Barry | 1920-1980 | writer, musician, comedian | | Montevideo |
| Guzmán Carriquiry Lecour | born 1944 | writer | Vatican employee | Rome |
| Mario Benedetti | 1920–2009 | journalist, novelist, poet | | |
| Horacio Bernardo | born 1976 | writer and philosopher | | |
| Marcia Collazo | born 1959 | novelist, poet | lawyer, teacher | |
| Helena Corbellini | born 1959 | novelist, poet | professor | |
| Ismael Cortinas | 1884–1940 | journalist, playwright | politics | |
| Gerardo de Oscar | 1978 | writer, essayist | teacher | |
| Eduardo Acevedo Díaz | 1851–1921 | writer, journalist | politician | |
| Emilio Frugoni | 1880–1969 | poet, essayist, journalist | politician, lawyer | |
| Eduardo Galeano | 1940–2015 | journalist, writer, novelist | | |
| Malí Guzmán | born 1961 | playwright, journalist, scenographer, writer | | |
| Alicia Haber | born 1946 | historian, art critic, curator, teacher | | Montevideo |
| Felisberto Hernández | 1902–1964 | writer | pianist | |
| Ernesto Herrera | 1889–1917 | playwright, short story, journalist | | |
| Julio Herrera y Reissig | 1875–1910 | poet, playwright, essayist | | |
| Suleika Ibáñez | 1930–2013 | novelist, essayist, poet | teacher, and translator | Montevideo |
| Sara de Ibáñez | 1909–1971 | poet, literary critic | educator | Montevideo |
| Juana de Ibarbourou | 1892–1979 | poet | | |
| Lola Larrosa de Ansaldo | 1859–1895 | writer | | Buenos Aires |
| Circe Maia | born 1932 | poet | translator | Montevideo - Tacuarembó |
| Jorge Majfud | born 1969 | novelist, essayist | architect, prof. of mathematics and art | Tacuarembó - elsewhere |
| Leo Maslíah | born 1954 | novelist, poet, short story, playwright | musician, singer | Montevideo - Buenos Aires |
| Tomás de Mattos | 1947–2016 | writer | librarian | Tacuarembó |
| Jesús Moraes | born 1955 | short story | | Artigas |
| Alvaro Ojeda | born 1958 | writer, journalist, novelist, poet | reviewer | |
| Juan Carlos Onetti | 1909–1994 | novelist, short story | | |
| Emilio Oribe | 1893–1975 | poet, essayist | philosopher, doctor | |
| Danilo Pallares Echeverría | ?-present | writer | musician | Flores |
| Manuel Pérez y Curis | 1884–1920 | poet | | Montevideo |
| Teresa Porzecanski | born 1945 | anthropologist, novelist, short story writer, non-fiction writer | | Montevideo | |
| Cristina Peri Rossi | born 1941 | novelist, poet, short story | translator | |
| Carmen Posadas | born 1953 | books for children, writes for film & TV | | Montevideo |
| Fanny Puyesky | 1939–2010 | books, columns, plays | lawyer | Montevideo |
| Horacio Quiroga | 1878–1937 | playwright, poet, short story | | Salto, Buenos Aires |
| Ana Ribeiro | born 1955 | historical essays, novels | professor | Montevideo |
| José Enrique Rodó | 1872–1917 | essayist | | Montevideo |
| Mauricio Rosencof | born 1933 | playwright, poet, journalist | | Florida |
| Florencio Sánchez | 1875–1910 | playwright, journalist | politician | Montevideo |
| Ramiro Sanchiz | born 1978 | novelist, short story writer | translator | Montevideo |
| Beatriz Santos Arrascaeta | born 1947 | writer | activist, educator | Montevideo |
| Daniel Vidart | 1920–2019 | anthropologist, historian | | Paysandú |
| Constancio C. Vigil | 1876–1954 | writer | publisher | Rocha, Buenos Aires |
| Ida Vitale | born 1923 | poet | | Montevideo |
| Giselda Zani | 1909–1975 | poet, short story writer | art critic | |
| Juan Zorrilla de San Martín | 1855–1931 | epic poet | politician | Montevideo |
| Roy Berocay | born 1955 | journalist | author | Montevideo |