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The following are lists of countries by estimated suicide rates as published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other sources.[note 1]
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 | This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: Outdated statistics. (July 2024) |
In many countries, suicide rates are underreported due to social stigma, cultural or legal concerns.[3] Thus, these figures cannot be used to compare real suicide rates, which are unknown in most countries.
The global total of suicide deaths decreased from an estimated 762,000 in 2000 to 717,000 in 2021, which is 9.1 deaths per 100,000 population.[4] In high-income countries, male and female rates of suicidal behaviors differ compared to the rest of the world: while women are reportedly more prone to suicidal thoughts, rates of suicide are higher among men, which has been described as a "silent epidemic".[5][6][7][8][9]
In 2021, the global rate of suicide deaths for men was 12.3 per 100,000, more than double the rate for women, which stood at 5.9 per 100,000 population. However, the sex disparity was uneven across regions, with a male-to-female ratio ranging from as low as 1.4 in the South-East Asia Region to nearly 4.0 in the Region of the Americas.[10]
In much of the world, suicide is stigmatized and condemned for religious or cultural reasons. In some countries, suicidal behavior is a criminal offence punishable by law. Suicide is therefore often a secretive act surrounded by taboo, and may be unrecognized, misclassified or deliberately hidden in official records of death.[5]
— World Health Organization (2002)
As such, suicide rates may be higher than measured, with men more at risk of dying by suicide than women across nearly all cultures and backgrounds.[11] Suicide prevention and intervention is an important topic for all peoples, according to the WHO.[12]
Background
Suicide rates vary by country and suicide occurs in all regions of the world. In a 2024 WHO report, 73% of reported suicides were in low and middle-income countries. Mental illness and suicide are linked, though many suicides are impulsive and occur due to crisis. Groups subject to discrimination, including refugees, indigenous populations, and LGBT people, experience high suicide rates. Societal taboos and lack of quality suicide data are impeding factors in suicide prevention. Suicide prevention includes such measures as restricting access to methods, responsible media reporting, and treatment and assessment of suicidal people.[13]
| Country | 2019 | 2000 | % change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Female | Male | M/F | |||
| World | 9.0 | 5.4 | 12.6 | 2.3 | 14.0 | -0.36 |
 Lesotho | 87.5 | 34.6 | 146.9 | 4.3 | 42.6 | 1.05 |
 Guyana | 40.9 | 17.0 | 65.0 | 3.8 | 35.8 | 0.14 |
 Eswatini | 40.5 | 6.4 | 78.7 | 12.3 | 40.6 | 0.00 |
 Kiribati | 30.6 | 9.5 | 53.6 | 5.7 | 35.6 | -0.14 |
 Micronesia | 29.0 | 13.2 | 44.3 | 3.4 | 28.0 | 0.04 |
 Suriname | 25.9 | 11.8 | 41.3 | 3.5 | 25.0 | 0.04 |
 Zimbabwe | 23.6 | 13.5 | 37.8 | 2.8 | 20.0 | 0.18 |
 South Africa | 23.5 | 9.8 | 37.9 | 3.9 | 26.6 | -0.12 |
 Mozambique | 23.2 | 8.9 | 42.6 | 4.8 | 20.9 | 0.11 |
 Central African Republic | 23.0 | 9.3 | 39.6 | 4.3 | 32.5 | -0.29 |
 Russia | 21.6 | 7.2 | 38.2 | 5.3 | 48.9 | -0.56 |
 South Korea | 21.2 | 13.4 | 29.9 | 2.2 | 13.9 | 0.52 |
 Vanuatu | 21.0 | 9.0 | 33.1 | 3.7 | 23.2 | -0.10 |
 Botswana | 20.2 | 7.8 | 35.5 | 4.6 | 46.3 | -0.56 |
 Lithuania | 20.2 | 6.2 | 36.1 | 5.8 | 45.8 | -0.56 |
 Uruguay | 18.8 | 7.7 | 31.1 | 4.1 | 14.5 | 0.30 |
 Kazakhstan | 18.1 | 6.9 | 30.9 | 4.5 | 39.4 | -0.54 |
 Mongolia | 18.0 | 5.6 | 31.1 | 5.5 | 23.6 | -0.24 |
 Ukraine | 17.7 | 4.7 | 32.7 | 7.0 | 33.5 | -0.47 |
 Solomon Islands | 17.4 | 2.4 | 32.2 | 13.4 | 17.4 | 0.00 |
 Eritrea | 17.3 | 8.3 | 27.2 | 3.3 | 23.4 | -0.26 |
 Belarus | 16.5 | 5.3 | 30.1 | 5.7 | 37.3 | -0.56 |
 Montenegro | 16.2 | 7.9 | 25.4 | 3.2 | 18.9 | -0.14 |
 Latvia | 16.1 | 4.6 | 29.0 | 6.4 | 29.6 | -0.46 |
 Cameroon | 15.9 | 7.6 | 25.2 | 3.3 | 19.1 | -0.17 |
 Ivory Coast | 15.7 | 5.0 | 25.7 | 5.1 | 24.0 | -0.35 |
 Cape Verde | 15.2 | 5.1 | 27.4 | 5.4 | 18.2 | -0.16 |
 Togo | 14.8 | 6.5 | 24.0 | 3.7 | 17.3 | -0.14 |
 Somalia | 14.7 | 7.1 | 22.8 | 3.2 | 16.8 | -0.13 |
 Samoa | 14.6 | 7.8 | 20.9 | 2.7 | 16.3 | -0.10 |
 United States | 14.5 | 6.8 | 22.4 | 3.3 | 10.0 | 0.45 |
 Zambia | 14.4 | 5.3 | 25.7 | 4.9 | 24.0 | -0.40 |
 Burkina Faso | 14.4 | 6.5 | 24.5 | 3.8 | 16.9 | -0.15 |
 Slovenia | 14.0 | 5.5 | 22.7 | 4.1 | 25.6 | -0.46 |
 Belgium | 13.9 | 8.4 | 19.6 | 2.3 | 18.3 | -0.24 |
 Namibia | 13.5 | 4.4 | 24.9 | 5.7 | 27.5 | -0.51 |
 Equatorial Guinea | 13.5 | 8.8 | 18.5 | 2.1 | 19.4 | -0.30 |
 Finland | 13.4 | 6.8 | 20.1 | 3.0 | 21.7 | -0.38 |
 Chad | 13.2 | 6.9 | 20.2 | 2.9 | 15.7 | -0.16 |
 Gabon | 13.1 | 3.8 | 23.3 | 6.1 | 19.4 | -0.32 |
 India | 12.9 | 11.1 | 14.7 | 1.3 | 19.1 | -0.32 |
 Sri Lanka | 12.9 | 6.1 | 20.9 | 3.4 | 27.4 | -0.53 |
 Benin | 12.7 | 6.1 | 20.3 | 3.3 | 14.7 | -0.14 |
 Angola | 12.6 | 4.7 | 21.7 | 4.6 | 17.6 | -0.28 |
 DR Congo | 12.4 | 5.0 | 20.7 | 4.1 | 14.5 | -0.14 |
 Guinea-Bissau | 12.4 | 6.7 | 19.8 | 3.0 | 17.5 | -0.29 |
 Sweden | 12.4 | 7.7 | 16.9 | 2.2 | 12.2 | 0.01 |
 Guinea | 12.3 | 8.0 | 18.4 | 2.3 | 9.7 | 0.27 |
 Japan | 12.2 | 6.9 | 17.5 | 2.5 | 18.1 | -0.32 |
 Moldova | 12.2 | 3.3 | 22.1 | 6.7 | 16.3 | -0.25 |
 Burundi | 12.1 | 6.4 | 18.9 | 3.0 | 23.4 | -0.48 |
 Estonia | 12.0 | 4.5 | 20.2 | 4.5 | 25.0 | -0.52 |
 Djibouti | 11.9 | 7.6 | 16.3 | 2.2 | 12.1 | -0.01 |
 Hungary | 11.8 | 5.5 | 19.1 | 3.5 | 26.6 | -0.56 |
 Congo | 11.6 | 6.1 | 18.3 | 3.0 | 24.7 | -0.53 |
 Sierra Leone | 11.3 | 8.2 | 14.8 | 1.8 | 10.1 | 0.11 |
 Australia | 11.3 | 5.6 | 17.0 | 3.0 | 11.8 | -0.05 |
 Haiti | 11.2 | 8.0 | 14.9 | 1.9 | 12.7 | -0.12 |
 Iceland | 11.2 | 3.5 | 18.7 | 5.4 | 12.7 | -0.12 |
 Kenya | 11.0 | 5.3 | 18.1 | 3.4 | 15.8 | -0.30 |
 Croatia | 11.0 | 5.1 | 17.7 | 3.5 | 16.3 | -0.32 |
 Senegal | 11.0 | 5.2 | 18.5 | 3.6 | 14.4 | -0.24 |
 Malawi | 10.6 | 3.3 | 20.0 | 6.1 | 19.2 | -0.45 |
 Ghana | 10.5 | 1.8 | 20.0 | 11.2 | 9.8 | 0.08 |
 Uganda | 10.4 | 3.7 | 19.4 | 5.2 | 21.7 | -0.52 |
 Austria | 10.4 | 4.6 | 16.6 | 3.6 | 15.8 | -0.34 |