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List of presidents of Socialist Vietnam
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a list of presidents (Vietnamese: Chủ tịch nước) of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) and its predecessor state, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), from the establishment of the position (1945) to the present.[1][2]
Vietnam is a single-party state and the president is generally considered to hold the second highest position in the political system, after the general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam.[3] In its current incarnation, the officeholder is the head of state of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, as well as the head of government in tandem with prime minister.[citation needed] The president represents Vietnam internally and externally, supervises the work as well as preserving the stability of the national governmental system and safeguards the independence and territorial integrity of the country. The president appoints prime minister, vice-president, ministers and other officials with the consent of the National Assembly. The head of state is the de jure commander-in-chief of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces and chairman of the Council for Defence and Security, an organ of the National Assembly. Since Vietnam is a one-party state, with the Communist Party of Vietnam being the sole party allowed by the constitution, all but one[e] presidents of the Democratic Republic and its successor Socialist Republic have been members of the party (or its predecessors) while holding office.
The modern office of the president of the Socialist Republic traces its lineage back to Hồ Chí Minh, the first president of the Democratic Republic.[f] The office has no connection, or lineage,[citation needed] to the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, headed by National Liberation Front revolutionary Nguyễn Hữu Thọ. There have been 14 presidents since the office's establishment in 1945. The current president is Lương Cường since 21 October 2024.[4][5]
Hồ Chí Minh, the first officeholder, became president in 1945 after Vietnam's declaration of independence. Tô Lâm is the shortest-serving president, with 152 days (from May 22, 2024 to October 21, 2024), if not counting interim presidents. The longest-serving president was Hồ Chí Minh, with 24 years from 1945 to his death in 1969. He also served the most terms in office (1945, 1946, 1960, 1964) — tied with Tôn Đức Thắng, who was also in office for 4 terms (1969, 1971, 1975, 1976). The Constitution stipulates that the term of office of the president shall follow the term of the National Assembly (usually 5 years) and there is no limit to the number of re-elections. However, most presidents serve for one term.[citation needed] The president with the longest interim term is Nguyễn Hữu Thọ with 1 year and 96 days, longer than the term of official President Võ Văn Thưởng, which lasted 1 year and 19 days.
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Democratic Republic (1945–1976)
- Status
Denotes Acting President
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Socialist Republic (1976–present)
- Status
Denotes Acting President
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Timeline
List of presidents by length of tenure
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See also
Notes
- a.^ These numbers are official. The "—" denotes acting head of state. The first column shows how many presidents there have been in Vietnamese history, while the second show how many presidents there was in that state.
- b.^ Concurrently serving as the Chairman of the Workers' Party of Vietnam.
- c.^ Concurrently serving as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam.
- d.^ Concurrently serving as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam since 3 August 2024.
- e.^ Except Huỳnh Thúc Kháng, an independent who served as Acting President from May to October 1946.
- f.^ Also known as North Vietnam following the 1954 Geneva Conference.
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References
Bibliography
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