Lists of rulers in the Low Countries

These are Lists of monarchs in the Low Countries.^[a]

• List of counts of Artois
• List of Belgian monarchs
• List of lords and margraves of Bergen op Zoom
• List of counts van Bergh
• List of dukes of Bouillon
• List of lords of Bouillon
• List of dukes of Brabant (including the counts of Louvain, counts of Brussels, landgraves of Brabant, dukes of Lothier, and rulers of Limburg)
• List of dukes of Burgundy (1384–1795, see also List of counts of Burgundy)
• List of bishops and archbishops of Cambrai
• List of counts of Chiny
• List of counts and dukes of Cleves
• List of lords and counts of Egmont
• List of counts of Flanders (see also List of countesses of Flanders by marriage)
• List of monarchs of Frisia (including the kings/dukes of Frisia (600–775), counts of Frisia (775–885), and counts of Holland and West-Frisia (885–1433))
• List of counts and dukes of Guelders
• List of counts of Hainaut
• List of counts of Holland and West Frisia (see also List of rulers of Frisia#House of West Frisia)
• List of counts and dukes of Jülich
• List of counts of Loon
• List of kings and dukes of Lorraine (Middle Francia (843–855), Lower Lorraine (959–1190))
• List of bishops and prince-bishops of Liège
• List of counts and dukes of Limburg
• List of monarchs of Luxembourg (including counts, dukes and grand dukes)
• List of counts and margraves of Namur
• List of kings of Holland (1806–1810)
• List of monarchs of the Netherlands (1813–present)
• List of abbots of Stavelot-Malmedy [de; nl]
• List of abbesses of Thorn Abbey
• List of bishops and archbishops of Utrecht
• List of counts of Zutphen
• Leaders of Frisii, Belgae, Canninefates and Batavi (before 400)^[b]

History of the Low Countries
Frisii			Belgae
	Cana– nefates	Chamavi, Tubantes		Gallia Belgica (55 BC–c. 5th AD) Germania Inferior (83–c. 5th)
		Salian Franks		Batavi
unpopulated (4th–c. 5th)		Saxons	Salian Franks (4th–c. 5th)
Frisian Kingdom (c. 6th–734)			Frankish Kingdom (481–843)—Carolingian Empire (800–843)
		Austrasia (511–687)
Middle Francia (843–855)					West Francia (843–)
Kingdom of Lotharingia (855– 959) Duchy of Lower Lorraine (959–)
Frisia
Frisian Freedom (11–16th century)	County of Holland (880–1432)	Bishopric of Utrecht (695–1456)	Duchy of Brabant (1183–1430) Duchy of Guelders (1046–1543)		County of Flanders (862–1384)	County of Hainaut (1071–1432) County of Namur (981–1421)	P.-Bish. of Liège (980–1794)	Duchy of Luxem- bourg (1059–1443)
	Burgundian Netherlands (1384–1482)
	Habsburg Netherlands (1482–1795) (Seventeen Provinces after 1543)
Dutch Republic (1581–1795)				Spanish Netherlands (1556–1714)
				Austrian Netherlands (1714–1795)
				United States of Belgium (1790)			R. Liège (1789–'91)
Batavian Republic (1795–1806) Kingdom of Holland (1806–1810)				associated with French First Republic (1795–1804) part of First French Empire (1804–1815)
Princip. of the Netherlands (1813–1815)
Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1830)								Gr D. L. (1815–)
Kingdom of the Netherlands (1839–)				Kingdom of Belgium (1830–)
								Gr D. of Luxem- bourg (1890–)

See also

• Style of the Dutch sovereign
• Succession to the Dutch throne
• List of counts of East Frisia
• List of governors of the Habsburg Netherlands
• List of grand pensionaries (Holland, Zeeland, Batavian Republic)
• List of heirs to the Dutch throne
• List of stadtholders in the Netherlands
  • List of monarchs of the Netherlands#Stadtholderate under the House of Orange-Nassau
  • List of monarchs of the Netherlands § Stadtholderate under the House of Nassau

Notes

1. The Low Countries, historically also called the Netherlands, possessed clearly delineated boundaries only after 1500. Still in many respects they demonstrated common traits and underwent similar development that differentiated them from surrounding countries. The social, economic and political similarities evident throughout most of the region stem from the High Middle Ages, when the Scheldt, Maas and Rhine delta area became an important center of trade. Next to Northern Italy, the Low Countries became the most urbanised and prosperous region in Europe. Its political system exhibited, from relatively early on, a degree of representative government that differed from the more feudal arrangements then existent in much of Europe. Internationally, the region served both as a mediator for and a buffer to the surrounding great powers, France, England, and Germany.^[1]
2. What little is known of the Frisii is provided by a few Roman accounts, whose province Germania Inferior shared a border with the Frisii. Frisii had elected chieftains who led by example rather than by authority.^[2] Two Frisii kings, Malorix and Verritus, visited Rome to meet Nero.^[3]