M43 Howitzer Motor Carriage

The 8-inch Howitzer Motor Carriage M43 was an American self-propelled artillery vehicle built on a widened and lengthened medium tank M4/M4A1 chassis, with a Continental engine and HVSS that was introduced at the end of World War II. The M43 shared the same chassis as the more widely produced M40 Gun Motor Carriage, which instead mounted a 155 mm gun, and were designed by the Pressed Steel Car Company. A production run of 576 was planned originally, but in the end only 24 were produced and another 24 were converted from M40 hulls.^[1] The M43 went on to serve in the Korean War, and was retired after its conclusion.

M43 Howitzer Motor Carriage
M43 HMC
Type	Self-propelled artillery
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1945 – 1953
Used by	United States
Wars	World War II Korean War
Production history
Designer	Ordnance Department
Designed	1944 – 1945
Manufacturer	Pressed Steel Car Company
Produced	1945
No. built	24 (+ 24 converted from 155 mm GMC M40)
Specifications
Mass	83,000 lb (38 t)
Length	289 in (7.3 m)
Width	124 in (3.1 m)
Height	129 in (3.3 m)
Crew	8 (Commander, driver, 6 gun crew)
Shell	separate loading, bagged charge
Caliber	8 in (203 mm)
Rate of fire	Sustained:
Muzzle velocity	1,925 ft/s (587 m/s)
Effective firing range	Conventional:
Maximum firing range	16,800 m
Feed system	hand
Sights	M13 or M6
Main armament	8-inch Howitzer M2
Engine	Continental R-975-C4 400 hp (300 kW)
Suspension	HVSS (Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension)
Operational range	107 mi (172 km)
Maximum speed	24 mph (39 km/h)

History

Equipped with a M115 203 mm (8-inch) howitzer, it was designed to replace the earlier M12 gun motor carriage. Its prototype designation was the T89, but this was changed to the M43 in March 1945. The 41.5-ton vehicles struggled to keep up with mechanized formations, but were successful when employed in more stationary roles.

Operational service

A single pilot vehicle was deployed in Europe before the end of World War II and was used in action by the 991st Field Artillery Regiment, first seeing action as part of Zebra Force in February 1945 in the capture of Cologne.

M43s were used in action in the Korean War, where they were well suited to the static fighting there, their high angle of fire permitting them to hit the rear slopes of hills.^[2]

Variants

• 8-inch Howitzer Motor Carriage M43 – 8 in (203 mm) HMC, standardized August 1945; 48 were built.
• Cargo Carrier T30 – a few built before cancellation in December 1944 to make more chassis available for GMCs.
• The Army planned to use the same T38 chassis for a family of SP artillery.

Surviving vehicles

M43 Howitzer at Ft. Sill, OK.

• one at the Fort Sill museum, OK^[3]
• one in Wyoming, MI^[3]
• one in The American Military Museum, South El Monte, CA^[3]

In popular culture

Despite its small production run, the M43s are featured in the computer games World of Tanks and R.U.S.E.

See also

• List of "M" series military vehicles
• List of U.S. military vehicles by model number
• List of U.S. military vehicles by supply catalog designation
• M4 Sherman tank
• M55 self-propelled howitzer