Markarian 1034

Markarian 1034 (Mrk 1034) is a pair of spiral galaxies comprising PGC 9074 and PGC 9071, located in the constellation Triangulum. They are located at a distance of 465 million light-years from Earth and are classified as luminous infrared galaxies.^[1][2][3]

Mrk 1034
HST image of Mrk 1034
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation	Triangulum
Right ascension	02h 23m 20.4s
Declination	32° 11′ 34″
Redshift	0.033830
Heliocentric radial velocity	10,142 ± 10 km/s
Distance	465 Mly (142.5 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)	0.21
Apparent magnitude (B)	0.28
Characteristics
Type	LIRG, Sa + Sb
Apparent size (V)	'0.6 x 0.4' & '0.4 x 0.4'
Notable features	luminous infrared galaxies
Other designations
PGC 9074/9071, KPG 067, V Zw 233, Mrk 1034

PGC 9074

PGC 9074 known as Mrk 1034a,^[4] is classified as a type Sa galaxy.^[5] It has two spiral arms around its nucleus with a bright galactic bulge. These spiral arms are shown to have dust obscuring background light of stars behind its regions. These are mixed together with star clusters containing a stellar population of hot, recently formed stars. In the central region of PGC 9074, older stars are found surrounded by a faint halo of another group of old stars, some inside globular clusters.^[6]

The nucleus of PGC 9074 is active and it has been classified as a Seyfert 1 galaxy.^[7][8] It is categorized as a Markarian galaxy because when, compared to other galaxies, its nucleus emits large amounts of ultraviolet rays.^[9] It is on the verge of gravitationally interacting with its neighbor, PGC 9071 since the two of them are at close proximity.^[6]

PGC 9071

PGC 9071 known as Mrk 1034b,^[10] is classified as a type Sb galaxy.^[5] It has almost the same appearance and size to PGC 9074, but with a fainter bulge and a slight altered spiral arm structure: its coils are further away. In addition, it contains a young stellar popular of hot stars combined with obscured dust, with a central region of older star populations.^[6]

The nucleus of PGC 9071 is active and it is also a Seyfert 1 galaxy.^[9][8] It has a high surface brightness^[11] and contains a one-sided jet measured to be 0.144 arcsecs or 103 pc, with a 'kidney-bean' shaped structure located within its optical core.^[12] The galaxy is also interacting with PGC 9074, in which eventually they will merge together to form a larger entity in hundreds of millions of years.^[6]