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Mercer Island, Washington

City in Washington, United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mercer Island, Washingtonmap
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Mercer Island is a city in King County, Washington, United States, located on an island of the same name in the southern portion of Lake Washington. Mercer Island is in the Seattle metropolitan area,[5] with Seattle to its west and Bellevue to its east.

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The island is connected to the mainland on both sides by bridges carrying Interstate 90, with the city of Seattle to the west and the city of Bellevue to the east. The Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge and the parallel Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge are floating bridges that span Lake Washington and carry, respectively, eastbound and westbound lanes of Interstate 90 and connect Mercer Island to the northern portion of Seattle's South End. I-90 traverses the northern portion of Mercer Island and is then carried from the island to Bellevue over the East Channel of Lake Washington by the East Channel Bridge. Mercer Island is located closer to Bellevue than it is to Seattle, and is therefore often considered to be part of King County's Eastside.

The population was 25,748 at the 2020 census.[3] Mercer Island is one of the 100 richest ZIP codes in the US according to the IRS figures for Adjusted Gross Income.[6]

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History

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The western side of the island was home to two Snoqualmie settlements prior to the 19th-century arrival of European American settlers in the Puget Sound region.[7] Mercer Island was named for a member of the Mercer family of Seattle by 1860;[7] Thomas Mercer, Aaron Mercer, and Asa Mercer, members of the Mercer family from Virginia, often rowed between the island and Seattle to pick berries, hunt, and fish.[citation needed] The first non-indigenous people to permanently settle on the island, Charles and Agnes Olds, arrived in 1885 and were followed by 15 other families within five years.[7] The first large community, East Seattle, was toward the northwest side of the island—near the McGilvara neighborhood. Charles C. Calkins created the settlement in 1887 and later built a large and gilded resort, the Calkins Hotel.[7] The hotel was reached via a steamboat ferry between Madison Park, Leschi Park, and the Eastside. Guests included President Benjamin Harrison, of 1901, amongst other well-to-do dignitaries from Seattle to the East Coast of the United States. Burned by a mysterious fire, the hotel was razed during 1908.[citation needed]

The Calkins Landing continued service and presumably aided the establishment of a more permanent population. A denser urban community with business district developed toward the central northern island between the McGilvra neighborhood and Luther Burbank Park. This community now composes the majority of the island's crest through the Middle Island neighborhood.[citation needed]

In 1923, the wooden East Channel Bridge was built to connect the island with Bellevue; it was later replaced by a new concrete span in the 1930s.[7] In 1930, George W. Lightfoot requested a bridge between Mercer Island and Seattle. The Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge, currently the second longest floating bridge in the world, was built and opened in 1940. In 1989, a second bridge, the Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge, was built parallel to the Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge. The third East Channel Bridge, Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge, and Homer M. Hadley Memorial Bridge were incorporated into the route of Interstate 90 from Seattle, across Mercer Island, and into Bellevue.[citation needed]

The opening of the first floating bridge made Mercer Island into a bedroom community for commuters, which accelerated after bridge tolls were removed in 1949. The island's population grew from 1,200 in 1940 to 4,500 in 1950, necessitating municipal services that the King County government could not provide. The City of Mercer Island was incorporated from East Seattle on July 5, 1960, and comprised all of the island with the exception of the 70-acre (280,000 m2) business district. Just over one month later, August 9, the Town of Mercer Island was incorporated from that business district, creating an enclave. The two municipalities merged as the City of Mercer Island on May 19, 1970, after several failed attempts at annexing eachother.[8]

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Geography

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Aerial view of the Interstate 90 floating bridge connecting Seattle and the northern part of Mercer Island

Mercer Island lies in the southern half of Lake Washington between the cities of Seattle to the west, Bellevue to the east, and Renton to the south. The city limits are conterminous with the island, which is described as "shaped like a footprint without toes".[7] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.90 square miles (33.41 km2), of which 6.38 square miles (16.52 km2) are land and 6.52 square miles (16.89 km2) are water.[1] Mercer Island is approximately six miles (9.7 km) long and up to four miles (6.4 km) wide.[7]

The island was formed by the recession of the Vashon Glaciation, which left a plateau that runs north–south through the center along with a series of ravines. Mercer Island's elevation ranges from 18 feet (5.5 m) on the shore of Lake Washington to its highest point, near Rotary Park, at 394 feet (120 m) above mean sea level.[9] The underlying soils include a mix of alluvial and terrace deposits from the glaciation, along with layers of till and sand that are up to 100 feet (30 m) thick.[9] The Seattle Fault, an east–west geologic fault, runs across northern Mercer Island and leaves the city seismically vulnerable.[10] Past seismic activity on the island caused landslides that carried old-growth trees into two sections of Lake Washington that are now known as sunken forests.[11][12]

Mercer Island is the most populated island in a lake in the US.[13][unreliable source?]

Climate

This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F (22.0 °C). According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Mercer Island has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.[14]

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Demographics

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An estimated 25% of city households are Jewish; the island also has two synagogues and a Jewish Community Center.[15]

2020 census

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As of the 2020 census, there were 25,748 people, 9,927 households, and 7,105 families residing in the city.[17] The population density was 4,033.8 inhabitants per square mile (1,557.5/km2). There were 10,570 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 64.6% White, 1.1% African American, 0.2% Native American, 23.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.3% from some other races and 9.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.6% of the population.[18] 23.1% of residents were under the age of 18, 4.0% were under 5 years of age, and 20.4% were 65 and older.

There were 9,927 households, of which 62.5% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no spouse present, 2.5% had a male householder with no spouse present, and 29.6% were non-families. 34.2% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.03.

23.6% of residents were under the age of 18, and 20.6% were over the age of 65. 52.5% of residents were female. The median household income was $150,506.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 22,699 people, 9,109 households, and 6,532 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,591.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,386.6/km2). There were 9,930 housing units at an average density of 1,571.2 per square mile (606.6/km2).[19]

According to the 2010 United States census, Mercer Island's racial and ethnic composition is as follows:[19]

There were 9,109 households, of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.3% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.3% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.97.[19]

The median age in the city was 46 years. 24.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19% were from 25 to 44; 32% were from 45 to 64; and 19.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.[19]

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Government

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Mercer Island has a council–manager government, in which the elected, seven-member city council selects a mayor from among its members. The councilmembers are elected at-large to four-year terms, while the mayor serves a two-year term. The city manager is the chief executive of the city government and is hired by the city council.[20] As of 2025, the mayor is Salim Nice and the city manager is Jessi Bon.[21] Mercer Island's temporary city hall is in the northeast part of the city in an office park. It replaced the normal city hall, which closed in April 2023 after asbestos was discovered in the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system.[22] A new city hall is planned to be built along with a public safety building for the police department on an adjacent property.[23]

The city's fire department was disbanded in 2024 and replaced by contracted service from Eastside Fire and Rescue, which provides fire protection for several Eastside cities. The fire department's two fire stations were retained along with the firefighters.[24] Mercer Island has its own police department with one police station.[citation needed] The city government provides tap water that is delivered by Seattle Public Utilities and stored in two reservoirs that can each hold 2.4 million US gallons (9,100,000 L) of water.[25] Sewage treatment is provided by the King County government through a contract with the Mercer Island government.[26] The Public Works Department operates an office facility, street maintenance facility, and city shop from a building south of the City Hall.[citation needed]

In February 2021, a 6–1 majority of the Mercer Island City Council passed an ordinance prohibiting outdoor camping on public property, mainly to restrict homeless and unhoused people from overnight stays. The ordinance was criticized by the American Civil Liberties Union of Washington and other public advocates for the homeless.[27][28]

At the federal level, Mercer Island is located in the 9th congressional district, which includes some of southern King County as well as parts of Seattle and Bellevue.[29] The city is part of the 41st legislative district at the state level, which elects one senator and two representatives. The district includes southern Bellevue, Newcastle, and part of Sammamish.[30] The King County Council's 6th district encompasses Mercer Island, Bellevue, Redmond, and other Eastside communities.[31]

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Parks and recreation

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Luther Burbank Park covers 77 acres (310,000 m2) of land and has 0.75 miles (1.21 km) of waterfront.[citation needed] The park has a public boat dock and fishing pier, a swimming beach, an amphitheater, tennis courts, barbecues and picnic facilities, and an off-leash dog area.[32] The city assumed maintenance of the park on January 1, 2003, from King County, which had purchased the park land in 1969.[33]

The Aubrey Davis Park is atop the I-90 tunnel entrances. This park has softball fields, tennis courts, basketball courts, picnic shelters, and the Freeway Sculpture Park. Due to its location atop the I-90 tunnel, the park is also locally referred to as "The Lid." [34][35]

Pioneer Park covers 113 acres (0.46 km2) and has equestrian, bicycle, and hiking trails.[36] Deane's Children's Park, also known as "Dragon Park", is a small park with playground equipment including a large concrete dragon structure.[37]

Clarke Beach is located at the south end of Mercer Island and is home to the annual polar bear swim on New Year's Day.

Mercer Island also has many smaller parks maintained by the city, some of which have waterfront access. In 2010, the city built a well in Rotary Park to supply the area with water in the event of a major disaster, specifically an earthquake.[38]

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Culture

Sister cities

Mercer Island's sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International, is Thonon-les-Bains, France.[39][40]

Annual events

  • Summer Celebration is a celebration that occurs once a year on the weekend after the 4th of July. It lasted for 30 years before being cancelled in 2019 due to budget cuts.[41] It was revived in 2022.
  • The Mercer Island Farmers Market operates most Sundays between June and October. A special version of the market called the Harvest Market occurs on a Sunday in November. There is no farmer's market on the Summer Celebration weekend nor on the Seafair weekend. The market contains local produce including fruit, vegetables and some crafts.[42]
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Education

The Mercer Island School District operates seven schools on the island: four primary schools (Lakeridge Elementary, Island Park Elementary, West Mercer Elementary and Northwood Elementary); one middle school (Islander Middle School); one high school (Mercer Island High School); and one alternative secondary school (Crest Learning Center).[43]

Mercer Island is also home to St. Monica Catholic School, the French American School of Puget Sound, and the Northwest Yeshiva High School (9-12).[44][45][46]

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Transportation

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Mercer Island is bisected by Interstate 90, which connects the city to Seattle in the west and Bellevue in the east. The freeway travels over the Lacey V. Murrow and Homer M. Hadley floating bridges over Lake Washington to Seattle and the East Channel Bridge towards Bellevue. The bridges also carry the Mountains to Sound Greenway, which includes a multi-purpose pedestrian and bicycle path. A significant section of the freeway is recessed below street level and covered by the Mercer Island Lid, which includes several parks.[47]

The city's public transportation is provided by King County Metro and Sound Transit, mainly consisting of express bus routes to Seattle and the Eastside. Several routes connect to a park and ride on the north side of the island with 447 stalls.[48] It was expanded into a two-story parking garage in 2008.[49][50] All-day service for most of the island is provided by Metro Route 204, which is supplemented by Route 630 and several school bus routes during peak periods.[51][52]

In early 2026, a light rail station at the park and ride facility will be opened by Sound Transit, providing service on the 2 Line to Seattle and the Eastside.[53] The light rail line will replace several express routes on Interstate 90 and Mercer Island is expected to function as a major bus–rail interchange.[48]

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Notable people

See also

References

External links

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