Methionine—tRNA ligase

In enzymology, a methionine—tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + L-methionine + tRNAMet ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ AMP + diphosphate + L-methionyl-tRNAMet

methionine—tRNA ligase
Methionine--tRNA ligase monomer, Human
Identifiers
EC no.	6.1.1.10
CAS no.	9033-22-1
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / QuickGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-methionine, and tRNA(Met), whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-methionyl-tRNA(Met).

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, to be specific those forming carbon-oxygen bonds in aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming). Other names in common use include methionyl-tRNA synthetase, methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase, methionyl-transfer ribonucleate synthetase, methionyl-transfer RNA synthetase, methionine translase, and MetRS. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: methionine metabolism, selenoamino acid metabolism, and aminoacyl-trna biosynthesis.

Role in oxidative stress

During oxidative stress, methionine—tRNA ligase might be phosphorylated, which results in promiscuity of this enzyme, where it aminoacylates methionine to various non-Met tRNAs. This in turn leads to substitution of amino acids in proteins with methionine, which helps relieve oxidative stress in the cell.^[1]

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 21 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1A8H, 1F4L, 1MEA, 1MED, 1MKH, 1P7P, 1PFU, 1PFV, 1PFW, 1PFY, 1PG0, 1PG2, 1QQT, 1RQG, 1WOY, 2CSX, 2CT8, 2D54, 2D5B, 2DJV, and 2HSN.