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Miguel Díaz-Canel
Leader of Cuba since 2021 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Miguel Díaz-Canel Bermúdez (Latin American Spanish: [miˈɣel ˈdi.as kaˈnel]; born 20 April 1960) is a Cuban politician and engineer who has served as the 8th first secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba beginning in 2021 and as the 17th president of Cuba beginning in 2019. In his capacity as First Secretary, he is the most powerful person in the Cuban government.
Díaz-Canel succeeded the brothers Fidel and Raúl Castro, becoming Cuba's first non-Castro leader since 1958 and its first non-Castro head of state since 1976. He has been a member of the Politburo since 2003. He served as Minister of Higher Education from 2009 until 2012, when he was promoted to Vice President of the Council of Ministers. A year later, in 2013, he was elected as First Vice President of the Council of State.
In 2018, he succeeded Raúl Castro as President of the Council. Following the enactment of a new constitution, he assumed the newly (re)created office of President of Cuba. On 19 April 2021, he was appointed as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba following Raúl Castro's exit from the role, completing the transition to non-dynastic leadership in Cuba.
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Early life
Díaz-Canel was born on 20 April 1960 in Santa Clara, Villa Clara, to Aída Bermúdez, a schoolteacher, and Miguel Díaz-Canel, a mechanical plant worker in Santa Clara, Cuba.[1][2] He is of direct paternal Spanish-Asturian descent; his great-grandfather Ramon Díaz-Canel left Castropol, Asturias, Spain for Havana in the late 19th century.[3][4]
He graduated from Central University of Las Villas in 1982 as an electronics engineer and joined the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces.[5][6] Beginning in April 1985, he taught engineering at his alma mater.[7] In 1987, he completed an international mission in Nicaragua as First Secretary of the Young Communist League of Villa Clara.[5]
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Political career
In 1993, Díaz-Canel started work with the Communist Party of Cuba and a year later was elected First Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee of Villa Clara Province, the seniormost role in provincial government.[6][8] He gained a reputation for competence in this post,[8] during which time it is reported that he supported LGBT rights at a time when many in the province frowned upon homosexuality.[9] In 2003, he was elected to the same position in Holguín Province.[6][10] In the same year, he was co-opted as a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Cuba.[11]
Díaz-Canel was appointed Minister of Higher Education in May 2009, a position that he held until 22 March 2012, when he became Vice President of the Council of Ministers (Deputy Prime Minister).[6][12] In 2013 he additionally became First Vice President of the Council of State.[6] As First Vice President of the Council of State, Díaz-Canel acted as senior deputy to the President, Raúl Castro.
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Presidency (2018–present)
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In 2018, the 86-year-old Castro stepped down from the position as president of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers, though he remained First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and the commander-in-chief of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces.[13] On 18 April 2018, Díaz-Canel was announced as the only candidate to succeed Castro as president.[8] He was formally elected by the National Assembly on 19 April[8] and sworn in on the same day.[14] He is the first president born after the 1959 Cuban Revolution and the first since 1976 not to be a member of the Castro family.[9]
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He received a visit from Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro just two days after his inauguration. He met with Maduro again in May 2018 in Caracas, during his first official foreign visit as head of state. In his first multinational political trip since becoming president, Díaz-Canel traveled in November 2018 to visit many of Cuba's Eurasian allies. Diplomatic meetings were held in Russia, North Korea, China, Vietnam, and Laos. Brief stopovers in the United Kingdom and France also included meetings with British parliamentarians and French leaders. In March 2019, Díaz-Canel and his wife hosted Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall in Havana as the first British royals to visit the island.[15]
In October 2019, Díaz-Canel became the President of the Republic of Cuba, an office that was recreated that February after a series of constitutional reforms were approved in a constitutional referendum.[16] This office replaced the one he had held since April of the previous year, which was the President of the Council of State, which was previously the head of state of Cuba. The position of President of the Council of State became a less important position and is now carried out by Esteban Lazo Hernández in his authority as the President of the National Assembly of People's Power.
Diaz-Canel's reforms among other things, limited the presidency to two consecutive five-year terms and banned discrimination based on gender, gender identity or sexual orientation.[17][18][19] His government also reformed the country's Family Code in 2022, after a referendum was approved, which, among other things, legalised same-sex marriage, same-sex adoption and altruistic surrogacy. These policies have been described as the "most progressive" in Latin America.[20]
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His administration has suppressed dissent, particularly surrounding the 2021 Cuban protests triggered by the worsening of the COVID-19 pandemic, suggested combatting the country's food crisis with pizza, guarapo and lemonade,[21][22] and changed the currency system.[23] During the protests, he said: "The order of combat has been given - into the streets, revolutionaries!"[24]
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Leader of Cuba (2021–present)
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On 19 April 2021, he officially became the First Secretary of the Communist Party following the resignation of Raúl Castro. This made him the leader of Cuba in fact as well as in name. The BBC stated that Díaz-Canel is loyal to the Castros' ideologies.[25]
In July 2021, Díaz-Canel said that the United States embargo against Cuba and economic sanctions were responsible for the conditions that led to the 2021 Cuban protests.[26][27] He urged government-supporting citizens to take to the streets in counter-protest to respond to the demonstrations,[28][29] saying in a special television broadcast: "The order to fight has been given — into the street, revolutionaries!"[30]
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Cuban government blamed the United States for the crisis in Ukraine and backed Russia's right to self-defense against NATO expansion, but did not endorse the invasion, saying the conflict should be resolved diplomatically.[31] Díaz-Canel visited Vladimir Putin in Moscow in November 2022, and the two leaders criticized Western sanctions against Cuba and Russia. They also opened a monument to Fidel Castro in one of Moscow's districts.[32]
On 19 April 2023, he was re-elected by the National Assembly for a second term. Salvador Valdés was elected as vice president. He was reelected with a landslide: 97.66% backing Díaz-Canel's and 93.4% supporting Valdés.[33][34][35]
Díaz-Canel condemns the genocide of Palestinians in Gaza, and refers to Israel as a "terrorist state".[36] He has led multiple pro-Palestinian demonstrations in Cuba.[37][38]
The 2024–2025 Cuba blackouts were the most severe living crisis that the country has experienced since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.[39][40] Díaz-Canel blamed the blackout on the United States embargo against Cuba, which he said prevented much needed supplies and replacement parts from reaching Cuba.[39] He cancelled his physical attendance at the 16th BRICS summit in Russia to attend to the blackout.[41] Díaz-Canel stated that any protests to the government's response would not be tolerated and that all protesters would be "processed rigorously under our revolutionary law". Shortly after protests started in October 2024, Díaz-Canel and prime minister Manuel Marrero Cruz appeared on a televised address in military fatigues claiming "counter-revolutionaries from abroad" were fomenting protests in Cuba.[42] Díaz-Canel also stated that "we are not going to accept and we will not allow anyone to act by provoking vandalistic acts, much less disturbing the peace of our people, and that is a conviction and that is a principle of our revolution".[43]
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Sanctions
The United States imposed sanctions on Díaz-Canel on 11 July 2025. Defense Minister Álvaro López Miera and Interior Minister Lázaro Álvarez Casas were also sanctioned for their "regime's brutality".[44]
Awards
Angola
Order of Agostinho Neto (2019)[45]
Venezuela:
Collar of the Order of the Liberator (2018)[46]
Vietnam:
Order of Ho Chi Minh (2018)[47]
Mexico:
Collar of the Order of the Aztec Eagle (2023)[48]
Portugal:
Grand Collar of the Order of Prince Henry (2023)[49]
Namibia:
First Class of the Order of the Welwitschia (2023)[50]
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Personal life
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Díaz-Canel has two children from his marriage to his first wife, Marta Villanueva, which ended in divorce. He currently resides with his second wife, Lis Cuesta Peraza.[51]
On 23 March 2021, Díaz-Canel obtained a PhD in technical sciences, defending a thesis titled "Government Management System Based on Science and Innovation for Sustainable Development in Cuba."[52]
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See also
Notes
References
External links
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