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Mil Mi-14
Helicopter in the Soviet Union From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Mil Mi-14 (Russian: Миль Ми-14, NATO reporting name: Haze) is a Soviet shore-based nuclear-capable amphibious anti-submarine helicopter derived from the earlier Mi-8.
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Design and development
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Formal development of an anti-submarine warfare (ASW) version of the Mil Mi-8 transport helicopter was authorised by the Soviet Communist Party Central Committee and Council of Ministers in April 1965, with the objective of replacing the Mil Mi-4 in the short-range, shore based anti-submarine role. The new helicopter was required to have an endurance of 2 hours on station at a radius of 222 kilometres (120 nmi; 138 mi) from base.[2]
The new design (with the internal designation V-14) differed from the Mi-8 in having a boat-like hull similar to the Sea King, allowing it to operate off the water, and a retractable four-point undercarriage,[N 1] with the mainwheels retracting into large sponsons on the rear of the fuselage. The helicopter was to be powered by two Klimov TV3-117MT turboshaft engines.[3] A watertight weapons bay is fitted to the centreline of the fuselage allowing internal carriage of a single torpedo or eight depth charges, while a radome housing a search radar is fitted beneath the nose.[3][4]
The Mi-14 has a crew of four: a pilot, a copilot, an onboard technician, and a weapon system operator. The Mi-14PL anti-submarine version is equipped with a radar, a dipping sonar and a magnetic anomaly detector.[1]
The first prototype V-14, converted from a Mi-8 and powered by the older and less powerful Klimov TV2-117 engines, flew on 1 August 1967.[3] Development was slowed by problems with the helicopter's avionics and due to reliability problems with the TV3-117 engines, with production at Kazan not starting until 1973, and the helicopter (now designated Mi-14) entering service on 11 May 1976.[3]
In January 2016, Russian Helicopters confirmed to Russian News Agency TASS that no final decision to revive production had been taken, but market demand, feasibility studies – including with Moscow's defence ministry – and funding sources were under review. The programme remains a “priority” for Russian Helicopters. The company suggested the Mi-14 would appeal to civil operators in Russia's far north and those supplying the oil and gas industry, alongside the nation's armed forces. Out of the almost 300 Mi-14s produced at Kazan Helicopters between 1973 and 1986, it is estimated that just 44 examples remain in active service.[5]
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Variants
- V-14
- Prototype of the Mi-14 helicopter.[4]
- Mi-14PL (NATO Haze-A)
- Anti-submarine warfare helicopter, equipped with towed APM-60 MAD, OKA-2 sonobuoys and a retractable Type 12-M search radar, armed with either a single AT-1 or APR-2 torpedo, one Skat nuclear depth bomb or eight depth charges.[4][6] A single Mi-14PL was used to carry out trials with the Kh-23 (NATO designation AS-7 Kerry) air-to-surface missile but this modification does not seem to have entered service.[7]
- Mi-14PLM
- Improved anti-submarine warfare version with Os'minog ASW suite, with new search radar, dipping sonar and digital computer. Limited use.[8]
- Mi-14PŁ/R
- Polish conversion of two Mi-14PŁ (Polish designation for Mi-14PL) to search and rescue version, with ASW equipment removed, developed in 2010.[9]
- Mi-14BT (NATO Haze-B)
- Mine sweeping helicopter with ASW systems removed and equipped for towing Mine Countermeasures sleds. 25–30 built, with six exported to East Germany and two to Bulgaria.[8]
- Mi-14PS (NATO Haze-C)
- Search and rescue version with search lights and sliding doors with hoist.[10]
- Mi-14PX
- Search and rescue training helicopter for the Polish Navy (unofficial designation). One Polish Mi-14PŁ helicopter was temporarily converted into the Mi-14PX, then converted back in 1996.[9]
- Mi-14PZh
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Operational history
As part of the Syrian civil war, starting from 2013, Syrian Navy Mi-14 helicopters were used as improvised bombers to drop naval mines and barrel bombs on large area targets from high altitude, mostly cities held by opposing forces.[12] On 22 March 2015, one crashed with its pilot killed on the spot after capture and the rest of the crew captured.[13][14]
On 7 May 2022, Ukraine confirmed that Colonel Ihor Bedzay, the deputy head of the Ukrainian Navy, was killed when his Mi-14PS was shot down by a Russian Su-35.[15][16] A video emerged, claimed shot on 7 May 2022, showing a Su-27 family fighter engaging a Mi-14 with its 30 mm gun.[17]
Operators
By 1991, about 230 had been delivered, with exports to many Soviet allies including Bulgaria, Cuba, East Germany, Libya, Poland, and Syria.
Current operators
Former operators
- East German Navy[20]
Mi-14BT at Aerotec International
Possible Operators
- Korean People's Army Air Force claimed to be an operator by some sources[18] but described as a mistake by others.[26]
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Specifications (Mi-14PL)
Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1992–93[27]
General characteristics
- Crew: 4
- Length: 18.38 m (60 ft 4 in)
- Height: 6.93 m (22 ft 9 in)
- Empty weight: 11,750 kg (25,904 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 14,000 kg (30,865 lb)
- Powerplant: 2 × Klimov TV3-117MT turboshaft engines, 1,454 kW (1,950 hp) each
- Main rotor diameter: 21.29 m (69 ft 10 in)
- Main rotor area: 356 m2 (3,830 sq ft)
- Blade section:NACA 23012[28]
Performance
- Maximum speed: 230 km/h (140 mph, 120 kn)
- Ferry range: 1,135 km (705 mi, 613 nmi)
- Endurance: 4 hours with maximum fuel[29]
- Service ceiling: 3,500 m (11,500 ft)
Armament
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See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References
External links
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