Montreal–Gaspé train

The Montreal–Gaspé train (formerly the Chaleur) was a thrice-weekly passenger train operated by Via Rail between Montreal and Gaspé, Quebec. Passenger rail service to Gaspé is to be restored in fall 2027.^[2]

Montreal–Gaspé train

The Chaleur crosses a bridge at Grande-Rivière, Quebec, in 2010.
Overview
Service type	Inter-city rail
Status	Suspended until 2026
Locale	Quebec, Canada
Current operator(s)	Via Rail
Former operator(s)	Canadian National Railway
Ridership	24,000 (2007) 29,500 (2008)[1]
Route
Termini	Montreal, Quebec Gaspé, Quebec
Distance travelled	1,041 km (647 mi)
Service frequency	3 trains per week
Train number(s)	16, 17
On-board services
Class(es)	Standard and sleeper class
Seating arrangements	Reserved coach seat
Catering facilities	Dining car
Technical
Rolling stock	Pre-2013: GMD F40PH-2D locomotives, streamlined HEP cars
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Track owner(s)	CN QRC CFG
Route map Legend 0 km Montreal Central Station Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence River 7 km 4 mi Saint-Lambert Richelieu River 54 km 34 mi Saint-Hyacinthe 100 km 62 mi Drummondville 247 km 153 mi Charny 311 km 193 mi Montmagny 371 km 231 mi La Pocatière 439 km 273 mi Rivière-du-Loup 482 km 300 mi Trois Pistoles 543 km 337 mi Rimouski 572 km 355 mi Mont-Joli 619 km 385 mi Sayabec 643 km 400 mi Amqui 665 km 413 mi Causapscal 722 km 449 mi Matapédia Ocean to Halifax 778 km 483 mi Nouvelle 793 km 493 mi Carleton Cascapedia River 833 km 518 mi New Richmond 847 km 526 mi Caplan 865 km 537 mi Bonaventure 880 km 547 mi New Carlisle 917 km 570 mi Port-Daniel 950 km 590 mi Chandler 967 km 601 mi Grande-Rivière 984 km 611 mi Percé 1007 km 626 mi Barachois 1047 km 651 mi Gaspé This diagram: view talk edit

History

In 1907 the Quebec Atlantic Oriental Railway was built from Matapédia through New Carlisle to Port Daniel, and gradually extended until it reached Gaspé. Before that, inhabitants had to drive by horse or sleigh 180 miles (290 km) to catch the Intercolonial Railway from Matapédia to Montreal, a journey of four days.^[3]

Schedule

The train left Montreal in the evening and arrived in Gaspé at about noon the following day. The train departed Gaspé mid-afternoon and arrived in Montreal in the morning.

Operation

In later years the train was normally merged with the Ocean between Montreal and Matapédia. The Montreal–Gaspé train after 1995 was composed exclusively of cars built by the Budd Company, many originally used by the Canadian Pacific Railway's Canadian.^{[citation needed]}

This had been the case until 2004 for the Ocean as well, but the introduction of the Renaissance cars on the Ocean resulted in both trains operating separately during the summer months (when trains were longer) and combined during the winter; the reason for this policy appears to be related to the braking effort of a combined train.^{[citation needed]}

When operating separately, the Montreal–Gaspé train ran several minutes ahead of the Ocean. When combined, the trains ran together as far as Matapédia, before the Ocean continued to Halifax, Nova Scotia, and the Montreal–Gaspé train proceeded to Gaspé.^{[citation needed]}

Suspension of service

Service east of Matapédia, Quebec, was suspended by Via Rail in December 2011, owing to poor track and bridge conditions between Matapédia and Gaspé. In winter/spring 2012 some repair work was carried out on the track and on one of the bridges passing over the Cascapédia River. Via Rail service was restored between Matapédia and New Carlisle in May 2012.

In August 2013, VIA Rail service once again was suspended between Matapédia and New Carlisle owing to poor track and bridge conditions.^[4] Replacement buses between Matapédia and Gaspé operated until 17 September 2013, after which the bus service was withdrawn.

On 22 August 2013, Via Rail announced that as a result of Société de chemin de fer de la Gaspésie (SCFG)'s rail infrastructure problems (including rail corrosion and malfunctioning crossing signals), service between Matapédia and Gaspé would be suspended. Service resumed about a month later as buses were used to transport passengers until the track upgrades were completed. As of 17 September 2013, both rail and bus service in the affected portion were suspended, and no timeline for re-establishment was released.

Restoration of service

In 2020, repair work was finally underway and the rail section from Matapédia to Port Daniel was expected to be operational in late 2023. Via Rail said, however, they wish to wait until the whole line is repaired before resuming service.^[5]

On June 27, 2023 the Government of Quebec announced that service to Gaspé would be restored in 2026 after the completion of a multi-year $872 million project to completely rehabilitate the Gaspé railway.^[6]

The Gaspé railway rehabilitation project was divided into three sections: Matapédia to Caplan (which is complete), Caplan to Port-Daniel-Gascons (which is now under construction and will be completed in 2024), and Port-Daniel-Gascons to Gaspé (which will begin in 2023 with riprap work along the line).^{[6][needs update]}

Route

Train route (in brown)

The tracks this train operated on have changed ownership several times. Until 1998, the tracks from Montreal to Gaspé were owned by Canadian National Railway (CN). That year, CN sold the lines between Rivière-du-Loup and Matapédia, as well as Matapédia to Gaspé, to Quebec Railway Corporation, which established two subsidiary companies, the Chemin de fer de la Matapédia et du Golfe (Matapédia & Gulf Railway) and Chemin de fer Baie des Chaleurs (Chaleur Bay Railway) respectively. In 2001, CFBC sold the portion of the Matapédia-to-Gaspé line east of Chandler to Chemin de fer de la Gaspésie (Gaspé Railway), which was owned by local municipalities with maintenance contracted to CFBC. In 2007, CFG purchased the remainder of the line from Matapédia to Chandler after the CFBC listed it for abandonment. In 2008, CN purchased the CFMG line from Rivière-du-Loup to Matapédia, returning ownership of this line after QRC encountered financial difficulty.