Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering

The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) is a Russian electronics company specializing in the development and manufacturing of radar equipment. It is a subsidiary of the Almaz-Antey group.^[1]

Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering

Company type	Open joint-stock company
Founded	1947
Headquarters	Nizhny Novgorod , Russia
Parent	Almaz-Antey
Website	nniirt.ru

55Zh6M Nebo-M mobile multiband radar system, developed by NNIIRT

History

Founded in 1947, NNIIRT is based in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.^[2]

Beginning in 1975, NNIIRT developed the first VHF 3D radar capable of measuring height, range, and azimuth to a target. This effort produced the 55Zh6 'Nebo' VHF surveillance radar, which passed acceptance trials in 1982.^[3]

In the post–Cold War era, NNIIRT developed the 55Zh6 Nebo U 'Tall Rack' radar, which has been integrated with the SA-21 anti-aircraft weapons system. This system is deployed around Moscow.^[4]

In 2013, NNIIRT announced the further development of the 55Zh6UME Nebo-UME, which combines VHF and L band radars on a single assembly.^[5][6]

NNIIRT designed air surveillance radars

The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (Russian acronym: NNIIRT) has since 1948 developed a number of radars.^[7]

Other innovations were radars with frequency hopping; the P-10 Volga A (NATO: KNIFE REST B) in 1953, radars with transmitter signal coherency and special features like moving target indicator (MTI); the P-12 Yenisei (NATO: SPOON REST) in 1955, as well as the P-70 Lena-M with chirp signal modulation in 1968.^[8]

Radar	NATO reporting name	Radio spectrum (NATO)	Developed	Production plant	Notes
P-3		VHF	1948	NITEL[9]	The first Soviet post-World War II air surveillance radar
P-8 Volga	KNIFE REST A	VHF	1950	NITEL[10]	The first Soviet radar with circular scan
P-10 Volga A	KNIFE REST B	VHF	1953	NITEL[10]	Frequency hopping
P-12 Yenisei	SPOON REST	VHF	1955	NITEL[10]	Coherent radar with MTI
P-14 Lena	TALL KING	VHF	1959	NITEL[11]
P-70 Lena-M		VHF	1968		First Soviet radar with chirp
P-18 Terek	SPOON REST D	VHF	1970	NITEL[12]
5N84A Oborona-14	TALL KING C	VHF	1974	NITEL[11]
5N69 Salute	BIG BACK	D-band	1975		First Soviet 3D-radar
44Zh6	TALL KING B	VHF	1979	NITEL[11]	Stationary version of Oborona-14
55Zh6 Nebo	TALL RACK	VHF	1982	NITEL[13]	First Soviet meter-wavelength 3D-radar
1L13			1982
1L121-E		UHF	2011
52E6		VHF	1982–1996
1L13-3 Nebo-SV	BOX SPRING	VHF	1985	NITEL[14]
55ZH6U Nebo-U[15]	TALL RACK	VHF	1992	NITEL[16]
1L119 Nebo-SVU		VHF	1997–2006
59N6-1 Protivnik-G1[17]		D-band	1997		Average time between failures 840 hours
1L122 Avtobaza[18]		D-band	1997–2006
52E6MU[19]		VHF	1997–2006
P-18 modernisation kits	SPOON REST D	VHF	1997–2006
55ZH6M Nebo-M[20]		VHF/multi-band	2011
59N6M

Management

• Tyulin Valery Evgenievich — General Director;^[21]
• Tsyganov Maxim Alexandrovich — Deputy General Director for General Issues;
• Fomin Andrey Vladimirovich — Deputy General Director for Production;
• Cherney Pyotr Ivanovich — Deputy General Director for Quality;
• Solonina Alyona Alexandrovna — Deputy General Director for Financial and Economic Affairs;
• Sadovnikova Olga Alexandrovna — Chief Accountant;
• Frantsev Mikhail Yevtifeevich — Deputy General Director — Chief Engineer.^[22]