Natrialbales

Natrialbales is an order of halophilic, chemoorganotrophic archaea within the class Haloarchaea.^[2] The type genus of this order is Natrialba.^[1]

Natrialbales
Scientific classification
Domain:	Archaea
Kingdom:	Methanobacteriati
Phylum:	Methanobacteriota
Class:	Halobacteria
Order:	Natrialbales Gupta et al. 2015
Family[1]
Natrialbaceae Gupta et al. 2015

The name Natrialbales is derived from the Latin term Natriabla, referring to the type genus of the order and the suffix "-ales", an ending used to denote an order. Together, Natrialbales refers to an order whose nomenclatural type is the genus Natrialba.

Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures

Source:^[2]

Members are halophilic chemoorganotrophs and are mainly isolated from high-salt environments such as saline lakes, soda lakes and salted hides. Some members are motile. Morphology is variable, including rod, coccus or pleomorphic shapes. Majority of the class are able to grow optimally in alkaline pH and do not possess gas vesicles. The DNA G+C content for this order ranges between 60-70 mol%.

This order can be reliably distinguished from other orders within the phylum Euryarchaeota by the presence of eight conserved signature proteins (CSPs) and two conserved signature indels (CSIs) present in the ribosomal operon protein and small GTP-binding protein.^[2]

Historical systematics and taxonomy

As of 2021, Natrialbales contains one family, Natrialbaceae.^[1] Members of this order was demarcated from the class Halobacteria, previously a large phylogenetically unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches.^[3][4][5] 16S rRNA based phylogenetic trees and morphological/physiological characteristics were not sufficient to clarify the evolutionary relationship above the genus level within the class Halobacteria.

In 2015, Gupta et al. proposed the division of the class Halobacteria into Halobacteriales, Haloferacales and Natrialbales based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from several different datasets of conserved proteins and 16S rRNA sequences.^[2] Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this order were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees.^[2]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)^[6] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).^[7]

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024[8][9][10]

53 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[11][12][13]

"Salinarchaeaceae" Salinarchaeum Cui et al. 2014 Haladaptaceae Halorussus Cui et al. 2014 Halomicrococcus Chen et al 2020 * Haladaptatus Savage et al. 2007 Halorubellus Cui et al. 2014 * Haloarchaeobius Makhdoumi-Kakhki et al. 2012 * Natrialbaceae Natronosalvus amylolyticus Tan et al. 2023 "Natrononativus" Natronobiforma Saliphagus Natribaculum * (Halovarius *) Natronosalvus Tan et al. 2023 Halovivax ("Natronobeatus") Haloprofundus halobius Li et al. 2022 Halosolutus Halobiforma Natronobacterium Natronococcus Halostagnicola Natrarchaeobaculum Natronolimnohabitans Natronolimnobius Salinadaptatus Halopiger Natrarchaeobius halalkaliphilus corrig. Sorokin et al. 2020 Natrialba (incl. Natrarchaeobius) Haloterrigena Natrinema (Natronorubrum)

Salinarchaeum {"Salinarchaeaceae"} Halostella {"Halostellaceae"} Natronoarchaeum {Natronoarchaeaceae} Natrialbaceae Halorubellus Cui et al. 2014 * Haloarchaeobius Makhdoumi-Kakhki et al. 2012 * Halovivax Castillo et al. 2006 "Natronobeatus" Li et al. 2023 Natribaculum Liu et al. 2015 * (Halovarius Mehrshad et al. 2015 *) "Salinilacihabitans" Li et al. 2023 "Natrononativus" Li et al. 2023 Natronobiforma Sorokin et al. 2019 Saliphagus Yin et al. 2017 Halostagnicola Castillo et al. 2006 Natronococcus Tindall et al. 1984 Halopiger goleimassiliensis Natrarchaeobaculum Sorokin et al. 2020 Salinadaptatus Xue et al. 2020 Natrarchaeobius corrig. Sorokin et al. 2020 Halosolutus Sun et al. 2022 Halopiger Gutierrez et al. 2007 Halopiger djelfimassiliensis Natronobacterium Tindall et al. 1984 Halobiforma Hezayen et al. 2002 Natronolimnobius Itoh et al. 2005 Natrialba Kamekura & Dyall-Smith 1996 Natronolimnohabitans Sorokin et al. 2020 Haloterrigena Ventosa et al. 1999 Natronorubrum Xu et al. 1999 Natrinema McGenity et al. 1998

Note: * polyphyletic Halobacteriaceae
Unassigned genera

• "Halomontanus" Mao et al. 2024
• "Natronoglomus" Sorokin et al. 2024

See also

• List of Archaea genera