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Yurikamome
Automated guideway transit line in Tokyo, Japan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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New Transit Yurikamome (新交通ゆりかもめ, Shinkōtsū Yurikamome), formerly the Tokyo Waterfront New Transit Waterfront Line (東京臨海新交通臨海線, Tōkyō Rinkai Shinkōtsū Rinkai-sen), is an automated guideway transit service operated by Yurikamome, Inc. in Tokyo, Japan. It connects Shimbashi to Toyosu, via the artificial island of Odaiba, a market in which it competes with the Rinkai Line.
The line is named after the black-headed gull (yurikamome in Japanese),[3] a common denizen of Tokyo Bay and the official metropolitan bird.[4]
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History
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The line was one of the two lines constructed to transport people into the Rinkai subcenter, the other line being the Rinkai Line. The Rinkai subcenter was planned to be the seventh subcenter of Tokyo as far as back in 1979. In April 1989, the subcenter was planned to have 60,000 residents and 110,000 workers by the start of the 21st century. This plan was forced to be revised upon the collapse of the asset price bubble. The opening of the Yurikamome and the Rinkai line in 1995 and 1996 was planned to be ready by the start of the World City Expo in 1996. However, the expo was cancelled by Yukio Aoshima in April 1995.[5] On 1 November 1995, the section between Shimbashi and Ariake opened, using a temporary Shimbashi station. In the first few months of operation, ridership hovered around 27,000 passengers per day.[6]
In 1996, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government re-zoned Odaiba from pure business and residential to also permit entertainment zones. The island provided Tokyo with a strip of livable seaside, and within one year, ridership doubled to 60,000. As more and more restaurants, shopping malls, exhibition centers and museums opened, traffic continued to grow.[6] On 22 March 2001, the current Shimbashi station opened and the temporary station closed. Shiodome Station opened on 2 November 2002. [7] On 27 March 2006, the section between Ariake and Toyosu opened and stations adopted letter and number codes based on Tokyo Metro.[8]
On 16 March 2019, two stations were renamed: Fune-no-kagakukan became Tokyo International Cruise Terminal, and Kokusai-tenjijō-seimon became Tokyo Big Sight.[9]
There was an unrealized plan to extend the line to Kachidoki Station from at least 2000, although this plan was not in the 2016 list of considered transit routes.[10][11]
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Technology
The Yurikamome is Tokyo's first fully automated and driverless transit system, controlled entirely by computers with no drivers on board. However, the line is not the first fully driverless transit line in Japan, as the Nagoya Municipal Subway tested the system in 1960, the driverless technology was used during the Expo '70, and Kobe's Port Liner opened in 1981 before the Yurikamome.[12][13] The trains run with rubber-tired wheels on elevated concrete track guided by the side walls.[12]
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Stations
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Since 2006, all the stations use the recorded voices of different voice actors for their Japanese-language announcements.[14] The letter "U" is used as the symbol for station numbers rather than "Y" for Yurikamome as this letter is already used as the acronym for the Tokyo Metro Yurakucho Line.
Yurikamome trains are taken in and out of service at Ariake, and are stored in a yard near Tokyo Big Sight when not in service.
Ridership
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Ridership on the line peaked at over 200,000 daily boardings in 2000,[15] but declined substantially by 2004 as the Rinkai Line, which opened a year after the Yurikamome Line, expanded into more of the waterfront area and offered lower fares. Between 2004 and 2006, four new stations were added, which raised ridership slightly. As of 2023, daily ridership totals are roughly 97% of pre-pandemic levels with patronage shifting to the eastern end of the line.
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Rolling stock
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The line uses Mitsubishi Heavy Industries rubber-tired "Crystal Mover" technology.[19] As of 8 April 2021[update], the following train types are used on the line, all formed as six-car sets.[20]
- 7000 series
- 7200 series
- 7300 series
- 7500 series
Between 2014 and 2016, a fleet of 18 new six-car 7300 series trains are being introduced on the line.[21] The first train was test run during the summer of 2013,[21] entering revenue service from 18 January 2014.[22] The new trains have longitudinal seating throughout, to increase overall capacity and speed-up boarding and alighting.[21] Between June 2018 and June 2020, eight more six-car trainsets (7500-series) were built for the line by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries to replace the fleet of 7200 series trains.[23]
7000 series
As of 1 April 2016[update], four out of the original eighteen 7000 series sets (05, 16, 17, and 18) were still in service, formed as six-car sets as follows.[20]
("xx" stands for the unit number.)
7200 series
The 7200 series began operation in February 1999. As of 1 April 2016[update], eight 7200 series sets (21 to 28) were in service, formed as six-car sets as follows.[20]
("xx" stands for the unit number.)
7300 series
As of 2021[update], eighteen 7300 series sets (31 to 48) are in service, formed as six-car sets as follows.[24]
("xx" stands for the unit number.)
7500 series
As of 11 August 2024[update], eight 7500 series sets (51 to 58) are in service, formed as six-car sets as below.[20] In November 2020, delivery of the eight six-car sets was completed.[25]
("xx" stands for the unit number.)
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In fiction
The line is featured in the anime Love Live! Nijigasaki High School Idol Club from the Love Live! franchise, with a fictional station bearing the school's name from the show.[citation needed]
See also
References
External links
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