Azacosterol

Azacosterol (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name), or azacosterol hydrochloride (USANTooltip United States Adopted Name) (brand name Ornitrol), also called 20,25-diazacholesterol, is a cholesterol-lowering drug (hypocholesteremic), which was marketed previously, but has since been discontinued.^[1][2][3] It is also an avian chemosterilant used to control pest pigeon populations via inducing sterility.^[4] The drug is a sterol and derivative of cholesterol in which two carbon atoms have been replaced with nitrogen atoms.^[5]

Azacosterol

Clinical data
Other names	20,25-Diazacholesterol; 20,25-Azacholesterol; Azasterol; Diazasterol; SC-12937; DAC; IMD-760; 17β-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)methyl- amino)androst-5-en-3β-ol
Routes of administration	By mouth
Identifiers
IUPAC name (3S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl-methylamino]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol
CAS Number	313-05-3 Y 1249-84-9 (hydrochloride)
PubChem CID	10023199
ChemSpider	8198772 Y
UNII	EPT876J73A
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1615357 N
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1058509
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C25H44N2O
Molar mass	388.640 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES C[C@]12CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC[C@@H]2N(C)CCCN(C)C)CC=C4[C@@]3(CC[C@@H](C4)O)C
InChI InChI=1S/C25H44N2O/c1-24-13-11-19(28)17-18(24)7-8-20-21-9-10-23(25(21,2)14-12-22(20)24)27(5)16-6-15-26(3)4/h7,19-23,28H,6,8-17H2,1-5H3/t19-,20-,21-,22-,23-,24-,25-/m0/s1 Y Key:FMTFZYKYVZBISL-HUVRVWIJSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Azacosterol acts as an inhibitor of 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase (24-DHCR), preventing the formation of cholesterol from desmosterol.^[4][6] Although it primarily acts to inhibit 24-DHCR, the drug also inhibits other steps in cholesterol biosynthesis.^[6] The antifertility effects of the drug in birds are mediated by inhibition of steroid hormone production, steroid hormones being synthesized from cholesterol.^[4] Due to prevention of the metabolism of desmosterol, the drug causes it to accumulate, in turn producing side effects such as hyperkeratosis, particularly of the palms and soles.^[6]

See also

• Desmosterolosis
• Triparanol
• X-linked ichthyosis