French of France

French of France (French: français de France [fʁɑ̃sɛ də fʁɑ̃s]) is the predominant variety of the French language in France, Andorra and Monaco, in its formal and informal registers. It has, for a long time, been associated with Standard French. It is now seen as a variety of French alongside Acadian French, Belgian French, Canadian/Quebec French, Swiss French, etc.^[2]

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Quick facts Native to, Language family ...

French of France
France French Metropolitan French Hexagonal French Standard French
français de France français de métropole français métropolitain français hexagonal français standard
Native to	France
Language family	Indo-European Italic Latino-Faliscan Latinic Romance Italo-Western Western Gallo-Iberian^[1] Gallo-Romance Gallo-Rhaetian?^[1] Arpitan–Oïl Francien zone French French of France
Early forms	Old Latin Vulgar Latin Proto-Romance Old Gallo-Romance Old French Middle French
Writing system	Latin (French alphabet) French Braille
Official status
Regulated by	Académie française (French Academy)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Linguasphere	`51-AAA-i`
IETF	`fr-FR`

Paris

In Paris, nasal vowels are no longer pronounced as in traditional Parisian French: /ɑ̃/ → [ɔ̃], /ɛ̃/ → [ɐ̃], /ɔ̃/ → [õ] and /œ̃/ → [ɐ̃]^[3]. Many distinctions are lost: /a/ and /ɑ/, /ɛ/ and /ɛː/, /ø/ and /ə/, /ɔ̃/ and /ɑ̃/, /ɛ̃/ and /œ̃/, and /nj/ and /ɲ/.

Southern regions

In the South of France, nasal vowels have not changed and are still pronounced as in traditional Parisian French: enfant [ɑ̃ˈfɑ̃], pain [pɛ̃], bon [bɔ̃] and brun [bʁœ̃], but some speakers add a [ŋ] at the end. Many distinctions are lost. At the end of words, most speakers do not distinguish /e/ and /ɛ/: both livré and livret are pronounced [liˈvʁe]. In closed syllables, they no longer distinguish /ɔ/ and /o/ or /œ/ and /ø/: both notre and nôtre are pronounced [nɔtʁ̥], and both jeune and jeûne are pronounced [ʒœn]. The distinctions of /a/ and /ɑ/ and of /ɛ/ and /ɛː/ are lost. Older speakers pronounce all es: chaque [ˈʃakə] and vêtement [ˈvɛtəmɑ̃].

Northern regions

In the North, both /a/ and /ɑ/ are pronounced as [ɔ] at the end, with là is pronounced [lɔ] and mât [mɔ]. In Jura, the phoneme /ʁ/ is pronounced as a uvular trill: rouge is pronounced [ʀuːʒ], rêve is pronounced [ʀeːv], phonemic long vowels are still maintained: pâte [pɑːt] and fête [feːt]^[4], etc. In Brittany and Nord-Pas-de-Calais, phonemic long vowels are also maintained: neige [neːʒ] and tête [teːt]^[5].

Phonology

Paris

Southern regions

Northern regions

See also

References

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