Pattin

Pattin (also known as Pattina, Patina, Unqu and Unqi), was an ancient Luwian Syro-Hittite state at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC. It was known to the Assyrians as Unqi and Aramaeans as Unqu.

Pattin/Unqi
Before 870 BC–738 BC
Pattin(a)/Unqi and its capital Kinalua among the Neo-Hittite states
Capital	Kinalua
Common languages	Luwian Aramaic
Religion	Luwian religion
Government	Monarchy
Historical era	Iron Age
• Established	Before 870 BC
• Disestablished	738 BC
Preceded by Succeeded by Palistin Neo-Assyrian Empire
Today part of	Turkey Syria

Tributary procession led by Qalparunda of the Land of Unqi, detail of the throne dais of Shalmaneser III, Iraq Museum

It was located at the north-western coast of ancient Syria, associated with the modern-day Hatay. The capital of the state was Kinalua (Kunalua, Kalneh, or Kinaluwa), which has been tentatively associated with Tell Tayinat^[1] in modern-day Turkey.

The state was formed in the 9th century BC towards the end of the Dark Age period, and shared a north-western border with the Syro-Hittite state of Quwê. Khazazu (modern-day Azaz) was one of Pattin's dependencies which was invaded by Assyria around 870 BC. The frontier fortress of Aribua (associated with the modern-day region of Idlib) within the land of Lukhuti to the immediate south of Pattin was also ravaged.^[2][3]

List of kings

• Taita I (11th century)^[4][5]
• Taita II (early 10th century)^[4][5]
• Manana (10th century)^[4]
• Suppiluliuma I (late 10th century)^[4][5]
• Halparuntiya I (10th^[4] or early 9th century)^[5]
• Lubarna I (c. 870/875 – 858?)^[4][6]
• Suppiluliuma II (Assyrian Sapalulme, fl. 858–857)^[4][6]
• Halparuntiya II (Assyrian Qalparunda, fl. 857–853)^[4][6]
• Lubarna II (829,^[4] died 831)^[6]
• Surri (831)^[6]
• Sasi (from 831)^[6]
• ...
• Tutammu (died 738)^[6]

The name Suppiluliuma corresponds to the Assyrian Sapalalme and Halparuntiya to Qalparunda.^[4]