Persian–Dutch War

The Persian–Dutch War or Iranian–Dutch War (Persian: جنگ ایران و هلند) was a military conflict between the Zand dynasty and the Dutch East India Company.

Persian–Dutch War
Satellite image of the strategic island of Kharg
Date Naval battle: December 12, 1765 Land battle: December 22, 1765 Location Kharg, Iran Result Persian victory Territorial changes Expulsion of the Dutch from Khark Island
Belligerents
Zand dynasty	Dutch East India Company
Commanders and leaders
Karim Khan Zand Mir Mahna	Petron Hooting  Baron Kneiphausen
Strength
Unknown (probably 700 people)	Naval battle: 40+ Europeans and 18 local sailors 2 Galliot warships and a Dutch cargo ship Land battle: 80 European soldiers and 120 local sailors
Casualties and losses
Naval battle: Low Land battle: Low	Naval battle: 40 European passengers and 18 local sailors captured 2 Galliot warships and a Dutch cargo ship captured Land battle: 58 Dutchmen captured Loss of Musselstein Castle

Background

Mir Mahna had invaded the Kharg islands earlier in 1762, but was repulsed by the Dutch.^[1] Petronhoting, the commander of the Dutch and in charge of the Dutch East India Company in the Persian Gulf at the time, who was stationed in Musselstein Kharg Castle and had lost an important part of his naval power, asked for help from Sheikh Saadun Bushehri, but Saadun made excuses because he was afraid of Mirmahna's attacks. In the end, he did not go to the help of his Dutch friends. In the end, Mir mahna landed part of his forces on Kharg Island (which was captured by the Dutch during the occupation of Kharg ) near the Armenian neighborhood and away from the Dutch cannons. On the 1st December (December 22, 1765) they attacked and besieged Musselstein Castle, until they captured it after some time.^[2][3][4][5]

Battle

On December 12, 1765 (December 21, 1144), a Dutch ship came from Basra to Kharg, and the Dutch from Kharg sent their 2 Galliot warships to welcome and escort that ship. In order to avoid the attack of Mir Mahna in Khargo Island was to be protected, but Mir Mahna, on the orders of Karim Khan Zand with his men captured not only the mentioned cargo ship but also 2 Dutch warships and captured 40 European passengers and 18 local sailors.^[6][7][8]