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Pertuzumab/trastuzumab/hyaluronidase
Combination drug From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Pertuzumab/trastuzumab/hyaluronidase, sold under the brand name Phesgo, is a fixed-dose combination medication to treat adults with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body, and for treatment of adults with early HER2-positive breast cancer.[5][6] It contains pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase–zzxf.[5] It is injected under the skin via subcutaneous injection in the thigh.[5] In the European Union, Phesgo contains the active ingredients pertuzumab and trastuzumab along with the enzyme vorhyaluronidase alfa.[7]
The most common side effects include alopecia (hair loss), nausea, diarrhea, anemia (reduced number of red blood cells) and asthenia (lack of energy).[5][8][3] It can cause worsening of chemotherapy induced neutropenia (low level of white blood cells).[5] It may cause harm to a developing fetus or a newborn baby.[5]
HER2-positive breast cancer, which makes up approximately one-fifth of breast cancers, has too much of a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which promotes the growth of cancer cells.[5] Pertuzumab and trastuzumab bind to sites on HER2 and disrupt signaling to stop cancer cell growth.[5]
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Medical uses
The fixed-dose combination is indicated for the treatment of early breast cancer (EBC):
- Use in combination with chemotherapy for:[8]
- the neoadjuvant treatment of adults with HER2-positive, locally advanced, inflammatory, or early stage breast cancer (either greater than two cm in diameter or node positive) as part of a complete treatment regimen for early breast cancer;[8]
- the adjuvant treatment of adults with HER2-positive early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence.[8]
and for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC):
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Adverse effects
The FDA label includes a boxed warning about the risk of potential heart failure, fetal harm, and lung toxicity.[5][9]
History
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Perspective
The fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase was approved for medical use in the United States in June 2020.[5][10]
The FDA's approval was based on the results of a non-inferiority study in participants with HER2-positive early breast cancer, which demonstrated the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase had comparable efficacy and safety as IV pertuzumab and IV trastuzumab, except for administration-related reactions, which were higher with the fixed-dose combination due to the subcutaneous route of administration.[5]
Efficacy was investigated in FeDeriCa (NCT03493854), an open-label, multicenter, randomized trial enrolling 500 participants with operable or locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer.[8] Participants were randomized to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy with concurrent administration of either the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase or intravenous pertuzumab and intravenous trastuzumab during the neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies.[8]
The primary endpoint of FeDeriCa was non-inferiority of cycle 7 pertuzumab serum trough concentration comparing the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase to intravenous pertuzumab.[8] Secondary endpoints included cycle 7 trastuzumab serum trough concentration, pathological complete response (pCR), and safety.[8] The fixed-dose combination showed non-inferior pertuzumab and trastuzumab serum trough concentrations compared to intravenous pertuzumab and trastuzumab.[8] The pCR rate was 59.7% (95% CI: 53.3, 65.8) in the pertuzumab/trastuzumab/hyaluronidase arm and 59.5% (95% CI: 53.2, 65.6) in the intravenous pertuzumab and intravenous trastuzumab arm.[8] The safety profile of the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and hyaluronidase is comparable to intravenous pertuzumab and trastuzumab, except for increased administration-related reactions.[8]
The FDA granted approval of Phesgo to Genentech Inc.[5]
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Society and culture
Legal status
On 12 November 2020, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Phesgo, intended for the treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer.[11] The applicant for this medicinal product is Roche Registration GmbH.[11] Phesgo was approved for medical use in the European Union in December 2020.[3]
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References
Further reading
External links
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